Breast lumps primary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[2]
Benign breast lesions require great attention regarding its influence on patient's quality of life, high prevalence and potential chance of becoming malignant[1]
- Prevention considers as the first way to decrease incidence of new cases of breast cancer rather than controlling it[2]
- Prevention of breast disease can be associated with establishing modifiable risk factors
- Premenopausal women
- Alcohol intake
- No alcohol intake for youth aged 12-17 years, 20-30% possible risk reduction, 10-20 years until benefit[3][4]
- ≤1 serving/day alcohol intake for young adults 18-24 years, 20-30% possible risk reduction, 10-20 years until benefit[4]
- ≤1 serving/day alcohol intake for adults ≥18 years, 35% possible risk reduction, 10-20 years until benefit[5][6]
- Healthy weight
- Avoid weight gain in all women, 50% risk reduction after menopause, 10-30 years until benefit[7]
- Physical activity
- ≥ 30min/day, for inactive women, 20% risk reduction, 10-30 years until benefit[8]
- Healthy diet
- Breast feeding
- 1 years total across all children for women who have given birth, 18% risk reduction,5 years until benefit[11]
- Prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy
- For carriers of BRCA 1 and 2,50% risk reduction, ≥ 2years until benefit[12]
- Tamoxifen
- High risk women aged ≥35 years , 50% risk reduction,2 years until benefit [13]
- Alcohol intake
- Postmenopausal women
- Alcohol intake
- ≤1 serving/d,35% risk reduction, 5-10 years until benefit[6]
- Healthy weight
- Weight loss For overweight and obese women> 145 lbs,50% risk reduction,2-5 years until benefit[7]
- Physical activity
- ≥30 min/day for women not facing physical activity deadlines, 20% risk reduction, 10-20 years until benefit[8]
- Avoid estrogen and progestin postmenopausal hormone therapy
- 10% risk reduction for current users, 1 year until benefit
- 50% risk reduction for current users, 2 years until benefit
- Tamoxifen and raloxifen
- For high risk women with greater than or equal risk for average woman aged 60 years,50% risk reduction, 2 years until benefit[14]
- Alcohol intake
- Premenopausal women
References
- ↑ Goehring C, Morabia A (1997). "Epidemiology of benign breast disease, with special attention to histologic types". Epidemiol Rev. 19 (2): 310–27. PMID 9494790.
- ↑ Vogelstein B, Papadopoulos N, Velculescu VE, Zhou S, Diaz LA, Kinzler KW (2013). "Cancer genome landscapes". Science. 339 (6127): 1546–58. doi:10.1126/science.1235122. PMC 3749880. PMID 23539594.
- ↑ Liu Y, Tamimi RM, Berkey CS, Willett WC, Collins LC, Schnitt SJ; et al. (2012). "Intakes of alcohol and folate during adolescence and risk of proliferative benign breast disease". Pediatrics. 129 (5): e1192–8. doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2601. PMC 3866773. PMID 22492774.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Liu Y, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Berkey CS, Collins LC, Schnitt SJ; et al. (2013). "Alcohol intake between menarche and first pregnancy: a prospective study of breast cancer risk". J Natl Cancer Inst. 105 (20): 1571–8. doi:10.1093/jnci/djt213. PMC 3797023. PMID 23985142.
- ↑ Chen WY, Rosner B, Hankinson SE, Colditz GA, Willett WC (2011). "Moderate alcohol consumption during adult life, drinking patterns, and breast cancer risk". JAMA. 306 (17): 1884–90. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1590. PMC 3292347. PMID 22045766.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, van den Brandt PA, Folsom AR, Goldbohm RA; et al. (1998). "Alcohol and breast cancer in women: a pooled analysis of cohort studies". JAMA. 279 (7): 535–40. PMID 9480365.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Eliassen AH, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Willett WC, Hankinson SE (2006). "Adult weight change and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer". JAMA. 296 (2): 193–201. doi:10.1001/jama.296.2.193. PMID 16835425.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Bernstein L, Patel AV, Ursin G, Sullivan-Halley J, Press MF, Deapen D; et al. (2005). "Lifetime recreational exercise activity and breast cancer risk among black women and white women". J Natl Cancer Inst. 97 (22): 1671–9. doi:10.1093/jnci/dji374. PMID 16288120.
- ↑ Jung S, Spiegelman D, Baglietto L, Bernstein L, Boggs DA, van den Brandt PA; et al. (2013). "Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of breast cancer by hormone receptor status". J Natl Cancer Inst. 105 (3): 219–36. doi:10.1093/jnci/djs635. PMC 3593764. PMID 23349252.
- ↑ Korde LA, Wu AH, Fears T, Nomura AM, West DW, Kolonel LN; et al. (2009). "Childhood soy intake and breast cancer risk in Asian American women". Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 18 (4): 1050–9. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0405. PMID 19318430.
- ↑ Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer (2002). "Breast cancer and breastfeeding: collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 47 epidemiological studies in 30 countries, including 50302 women with breast cancer and 96973 women without the disease". Lancet. 360 (9328): 187–95. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09454-0. PMID 12133652.
- ↑ Rebbeck TR, Kauff ND, Domchek SM (2009). "Meta-analysis of risk reduction estimates associated with risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers". J Natl Cancer Inst. 101 (2): 80–7. doi:10.1093/jnci/djn442. PMC 2639318. PMID 19141781.
- ↑ Bernard Fisher, Joseph P. Costantino, D. Lawrence Wickerham, Carol K. Redmond, Maureen Kavanah, Walter M. Cronin, Victor Vogel, André Robidoux, Nikolay Dimitrov, James Atkins, Mary Daly, Samuel Wieand, Elizabeth Tan-Chiu, Leslie Ford, Norman Wolmark, other National Surgical Adjuvant Breast, Bowel Project Investigators; Tamoxifen for Prevention of Breast Cancer: Report of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1 Study, JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 90, Issue 18, 16 September 1998, Pages 1371–1388, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/90.18.1371
- ↑ Visvanathan K, Hurley P, Bantug E, Brown P, Col NF, Cuzick J; et al. (2013). "Use of pharmacologic interventions for breast cancer risk reduction: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline". J Clin Oncol. 31 (23): 2942–62. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.49.3122. PMID 23835710.