Amyloidosis laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[3]
Overview
Laboratory findings depend on the organs involved. Laboratory testing of specific organs can reveal dysfunction, and the degree of laboratory derangement is usually related to the extent of amyloid involvement.
Laboratory Findings
- Cardiac: Cardiac biomarkers are the most important predictors of outcome in amyloidosis and provide a quantitative assessment for cardiac damage and wall strain:[1]
- Troponin I or Troponin T
- BNP and NT-proBNP
- Hepatic: Liver functions tests include:
- AST
- ALT
- Total bilirubin
- Alkaline phosphatase
- Albumin
- Renal: A variety of kidney function tests can suggest amyloidosis. These include abnormalities in:
- Serum creatinine
- Urinary protein
- Glomerular filtration rate
- Albumin to creatinine ratio in the urine
- Thyroid: Common tests that are abnormal in thyroidal involvement of amyloidosis include:
- TSH
- Free T4
- Bone marrow: Concurrent multiple myeloma can be found in patients with amyloidosis. In such cases, laboratory testing should include[2]:
- Serum protein electrophoresis
- Immunoglobulin levels
- Serum free light chains
- Beta-2-microglobulin
References
- ↑ Merlini G, Seldin DC, Gertz MA (May 2011). "Amyloidosis: pathogenesis and new therapeutic options". J. Clin. Oncol. 29 (14): 1924–33. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.32.2271. PMC 3138545. PMID 21483018.
- ↑ Kourelis TV, Kumar SK, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Buadi FK, Hayman SR; et al. (2013). "Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis". J Clin Oncol. 31 (34): 4319–24. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.50.8499. PMC 4881366. PMID 24145344.