Astrocytoma differential diagnosis

Astrocytoma Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Differentiating astrocytoma from other Diseases

Diseases		Clinical manifestations								Para-clinical findings				Gold standard	Additional findings
		Symptoms					Physical examination
										Lab Findings	Imaging		Histopathology
		Headache	Seizure	Visual disturbance	Hearing loss	Constitutional	Extraocular movement disorder	Hydrocephalus	Focal neurologic deficit	Endocrine abnormalities	CT scan	MRI
Adult primary brain tumors	Glioblastoma multiform	+						−	+				Astrocyte origin Pleomorphic cell Pseudopalisading appearance GFAP + Necrosis + Hemorrhage + Vascular prolifration +
	Oligodendroglioma	+						−	+				Oligodendrocyte origin Calcification + Fried egg cell appearance
	Meningioma	+						−	+				Arachnoid origin Psammoma bodies Whorled spindle cell pattern
	Hemangioblastoma	+						−	+				Blood vessel origin Capillaries with thin walls
	Pitutary adenoma	+		+ Bitemporal hemianopia				−	−	+/−			Endocrine cell hyperplasia
	Schwannoma	+			+			−					Schwann cell origin S100+
	primary CNS lymphoma	+						−					B cell origin Similar to non hodgkin lymphoma (diffuse large B cell)
Childhood primary brain tumors	Pilocytic astrocytoma	+						−					Glial cell origin Solid and cystic component GFAP +
	Medulloblastoma	+						+					Neuroectoderm origin Homer wright rosettes
	Ependymoma	+						+					Ependymal cell origin Perivascular pseudorosette
	Craniopharyngioma	+		+ Bitemporal hemianopia				−					Ectodermal origin (Rathkes pouch) Calcification +
	Pinealoma	+					+ vertical gaze palsy	−		+ B-hCG rise leads to precocious puberty in males			Similar to testicular seminoma
Vascular	AV malformation	+						−
	Brain aneurysm	+						−
Infectious	Bacterial brain abscess	+				+		−
	Tuberculosis	+				+		−
	Toxoplasmosis	+						−
	Hydatid cyst	+						−
	Fungal	+						−
Other	Brain metastasis	+						−