Tibial plateau fracture physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
Patients with tibial plateau fracture usually appears well. Physical examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually remarkable for swelling, tenderness, bruises, ecchymosis, deformity and restricted range of motion of the leg.
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually remarkable for swelling, tenderness, bruises, ecchymosis, {| align="right" |
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Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with tibial plateau fracture usually appears well.
Vital Signs
- Weak pulse may be seen when associated with polytrauma.
- Low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure may be present due to compound fracture with blood loss.
Skin
- Skin examination of patients with distal radius fracture includes:
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually normal.
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is normal.
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually normal.
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually normal.
Abdomen
- Abdominal examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually normal.
Back
- Back examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually normal.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture is usually normal.
- However, some patients may develop neuropraxia of the deep peroneal nerve and tibial nerve resulting in decreased sensation of toes, foot and leg.
Extremities
- Knee examination of patients with tibial plateau fracture include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Swelling
- Tenderness
- Deformity
- Knee Dislocation
- Restricted range of motion
- Tingling and decreased sensation of toes, foot and leg
- Decreased sensation over the shin and the calf can be due to nerve injury
- Weakness in leg
- Acute carpal tunnel syndrome
- Pulselessness in the leg
- Skin pallor
- Parasthesias
- Internal Derangement of the Knee
- Meniscal Injury
- Positive McMurray's test
- Meniscal Injury
- Ligamnetous Injury
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Posterior Cruciate Ligament
- Positive Drawer test
- Positive Lachman test
- Positive Dial test
- Medial Collateral Ligament and Lateral Collateral Ligament
- Positive Valgus and varus stress test
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Posterior Cruciate Ligament
References
- ↑ Bienek T, Kusz D, Cielinski L (2006). "Peripheral nerve compression neuropathy after fractures of the distal radius". J Hand Surg Br. 31 (3): 256–60. doi:10.1016/j.jhsb.2005.09.021. PMID 16376003.
- ↑ Kleinman WB (2010). "Distal radius instability and stiffness: common complications of distal radius fractures". Hand Clin. 26 (2): 245–64. doi:10.1016/j.hcl.2010.01.004. PMID 20494751.
- ↑ Walenkamp MM, Goslings JC, Beumer A, Haverlag R, Leenhouts PA, Verleisdonk EJ; et al. (2014). "Surgery versus conservative treatment in patients with type A distal radius fractures, a randomized controlled trial". BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 15: 90. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-90. PMC 4234244. PMID 24642190.
- ↑ Hove, Leiv (2014). Distal radius fractures : current concepts. Heidelberg: Springer. ISBN 9783642546037.
- ↑ Azar, Frederick (2017). Campbell's operative orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN 9780323433808.