Basal cell carcinoma natural history
|
Basal cell carcinoma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Case Studies |
|
Basal cell carcinoma natural history On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Basal cell carcinoma natural history |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Basal cell carcinoma natural history |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
Basal cell carcinoma is slow-growing and locally invasive. Common complications of BCC commonly include reccurrence and development of other types of skin cancer. Prognosis is usually excellent, but the tumor is usually locally invasive and may be destructive.
Natural History
- Patients with basal cell carcinoma are often asymptomatic[1]
- They often report a slowly enlarging lesion which does not heal and bleeds when traumatized
- It is locally invasive and destructive so the name rodent cancer
- The overall risk of metastases is estimated to be less than 0.1%
- The risk of invasion and recurrence is based on size, duration, location and subtype (sclerodermiform/morpheaform and micronodular clinical variants have a higher risk)
- Even without a recurrence, a personal history of basal cell carcinoma increases the risk of developing all types of skin cancers
Complications
- The main complication of basal cell carcinoma is recurrence[2][3]
- The following are the factors associated with increased risk of basal cell carcinoma recurrence:
- Location and size
- >/= 6 mm in diameter in high-risk areas (eg, central face, nose, lips, eyelids, eyebrows, periorbital skin, chin, mandible, ears, preauricular and postauricular areas, temples, hands, feet)
- 10 mm in diameter in other areas of the head and neck
- 20 mm in diameter in all other areas (excluding hands and feet)
- Aggressive pathologic variants
- Morpheaform, sclerosing, or mixed infiltrative
- Micronodular
- Basosquamous
- Lesions in sites of prior radiation therapy (RT)
- Lesions with poorly defined borders
- Lesions in immunocompromised patients
- Perineural invasion
- Location and size
Prognosis
- Prognosis of basal cell carcinoma is usually excellent[4][5].
- These lesions are typically slow growing, and metastatic disease is a very rare event.
- BCCs will cause considerable disfigurement by locally destroying skin, cartilage, and even bone.
- Recurrence is a issue with basal cell carcinoma.
- Approximately 50% of recurrences are apparent within the first two years.
References
- ↑ Wong CS, Strange RC, Lear JT (October 2003). "Basal cell carcinoma". BMJ. 327 (7418): 794–8. doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7418.794. PMC 214105. PMID 14525881.
- ↑ Wortsman, X.; Vergara, P.; Castro, A.; Saavedra, D.; Bobadilla, F.; Sazunic, I.; Zemelman, V.; Wortsman, J. (2015). "Ultrasound as predictor of histologic subtypes linked to recurrence in basal cell carcinoma of the skin". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 29 (4): 702–707. doi:10.1111/jdv.12660. ISSN 0926-9959.
- ↑ Jebodhsingh KN, Calafati J, Farrokhyar F, Harvey JT (April 2012). "Recurrence rates of basal cell carcinoma of the periocular skin: what to do with patients who have positive margins after resection". Can. J. Ophthalmol. 47 (2): 181–4. doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2012.01.024. PMID 22560426.
- ↑ Czarnecki, D. (1998). "The prognosis of patients with basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin". International Journal of Dermatology. 37 (9): 656–658. doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00559.x. ISSN 0011-9059.
- ↑ Correia de Sá TR, Silva R, Lopes JM (November 2015). "Basal cell carcinoma of the skin (part 2): diagnosis, prognosis and management". Future Oncol. 11 (22): 3023–38. doi:10.2217/fon.15.245. PMID 26449265.