Epithelial ovarian cancer

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hannan Javed, M.D.[2]


Possible genetic alteration in epithelial ovarian cancers
Protein	Normal function	Result of mutation
Epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-1)^[1]^[2]	Promotes cell proliferation Opposes apoptosis Regulates differentiation	Activating mutation Increased cellular proliferation Inhibition of apoptosis
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2)^[1]^[2]	Promotes cell prolifeartion Inhibition of apoptosis Regulates differentiation	Activating mutation Increased cellular proliferation Inhibition of apoptosis
Non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src^[3]^[4]	Involved in regulation of Gene transcription Angiogenesis Cellular adhesion Cellular proliferation	Activating mutation Increased angiogenesis Decreased cellular adhesion Increased tumor metastasis Increased cellular proliferation
CSF-1/fms^[5]^[6]^[7]	Increased macrophage survival Increased macrophage proliferation Increased macrophage differentiation	Activating mutation Stimulation of tumor cell proliferation Increased angiogenesis Promotes tumor invasion Increased metastasis Decreased anoikis
Insulin-like growth factor/receptor ILGF/ILGFR^[8]^[9]^[10]	Promotes growth Increased survival	Activating mutation Increased proliferation Enhanced survival Suppression of cell cycle regulators
k-ras^[11]^[12]	Cellular proliferation Cell survival	Activating mutation Increased proliferation Enhanced survival
b-raf	Cellular proliferation Cellular differentiation	Activating mutation Increased proliferation Enhanced growth
TGF-β
myc
Cyclin D/Cdk4/6
Cyclin E/Cdk2
Cyclin B/Cdk1
p16
p27 (kip-1)
p21 (WAF-1)
NFκB
NOEY(ARHI)
PIP3/Akt
PTEN
p53
BRCA1
BRCA2
MLH1/MSH2
Fas ligand
HLA-G
hTERT
VEGF/VEGFR
IL-8
EphA2
MMPs
αvβ3
FAK
E-cadherin

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Wee P, Wang Z (May 2017). "Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Cell Proliferation Signaling Pathways". Cancers (Basel). 9 (5). doi:10.3390/cancers9050052. PMC 5447962. PMID 28513565.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Iqbal N, Iqbal N (2014). "Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in Cancers: Overexpression and Therapeutic Implications". Mol Biol Int. 2014: 852748. doi:10.1155/2014/852748. PMC 4170925. PMID 25276427.
↑ Zan L, Wu H, Jiang J, Zhao S, Song Y, Teng G, Li H, Jia Y, Zhou M, Zhang X, Qi J, Wang J (July 2011). "Temporal profile of Src, SSeCKS, and angiogenic factors after focal cerebral ischemia: correlations with angiogenesis and cerebral edema". Neurochem. Int. 58 (8): 872–9. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.02.014. PMC 3100427. PMID 21334414.
↑ Reinecke JB, Katafiasz D, Naslavsky N, Caplan S (April 2014). "Regulation of Src trafficking and activation by the endocytic regulatory proteins MICAL-L1 and EHD1". J. Cell. Sci. 127 (Pt 8): 1684–98. doi:10.1242/jcs.133892. PMC 3986674. PMID 24481818.
↑ Saad AF, Hu W, Sood AK (December 2010). "Microenvironment and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer". Horm Cancer. 1 (6): 277–90. doi:10.1007/s12672-010-0054-2. PMC 3199131. PMID 21761359.
↑ Dwyer AR, Greenland EL, Pixley FJ (June 2017). "Promotion of Tumor Invasion by Tumor-Associated Macrophages: The Role of CSF-1-Activated Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase and Src Family Kinase Motility Signaling". Cancers (Basel). 9 (6). doi:10.3390/cancers9060068. PMC 5483887. PMID 28629162.
↑ Abraham D, Zins K, Sioud M, Lucas T, Schäfer R, Stanley ER, Aharinejad S (March 2010). "Stromal cell-derived CSF-1 blockade prolongs xenograft survival of CSF-1-negative neuroblastoma". Int. J. Cancer. 126 (6): 1339–52. doi:10.1002/ijc.24859. PMC 3222589. PMID 19711348.
↑ Laron Z (October 2001). "Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1): a growth hormone". MP, Mol. Pathol. 54 (5): 311–6. PMC 1187088. PMID 11577173.
↑ Weroha SJ, Haluska P (June 2012). "The insulin-like growth factor system in cancer". Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 41 (2): 335–50, vi. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.014. PMC 3614012. PMID 22682634.
↑ Lukanova A, Lundin E, Toniolo P, Micheli A, Akhmedkhanov A, Rinaldi S, Muti P, Lenner P, Biessy C, Krogh V, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Berrino F, Hallmans G, Riboli E, Kaaks R (October 2002). "Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of ovarian cancer". Int. J. Cancer. 101 (6): 549–54. doi:10.1002/ijc.10613. PMID 12237896.
↑ Prior IA, Lewis PD, Mattos C (May 2012). "A comprehensive survey of Ras mutations in cancer". Cancer Res. 72 (10): 2457–67. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-2612. PMC 3354961. PMID 22589270.
↑ Franklin WA, Haney J, Sugita M, Bemis L, Jimeno A, Messersmith WA (January 2010). "KRAS mutation: comparison of testing methods and tissue sampling techniques in colon cancer". J Mol Diagn. 12 (1): 43–50. doi:10.2353/jmoldx.2010.080131. PMC 2797717. PMID 20007845.

[pmid28513565-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Wee P, Wang Z (May 2017). "Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Cell Proliferation Signaling Pathways". Cancers (Basel). 9 (5). doi:10.3390/cancers9050052. PMC 5447962. PMID 28513565.

[pmid25276427-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Iqbal N, Iqbal N (2014). "Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in Cancers: Overexpression and Therapeutic Implications". Mol Biol Int. 2014: 852748. doi:10.1155/2014/852748. PMC 4170925. PMID 25276427.

[pmid21334414-3] Zan L, Wu H, Jiang J, Zhao S, Song Y, Teng G, Li H, Jia Y, Zhou M, Zhang X, Qi J, Wang J (July 2011). "Temporal profile of Src, SSeCKS, and angiogenic factors after focal cerebral ischemia: correlations with angiogenesis and cerebral edema". Neurochem. Int. 58 (8): 872–9. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.02.014. PMC 3100427. PMID 21334414.

[pmid24481818-4] Reinecke JB, Katafiasz D, Naslavsky N, Caplan S (April 2014). "Regulation of Src trafficking and activation by the endocytic regulatory proteins MICAL-L1 and EHD1". J. Cell. Sci. 127 (Pt 8): 1684–98. doi:10.1242/jcs.133892. PMC 3986674. PMID 24481818.

[pmid21761359-5] Saad AF, Hu W, Sood AK (December 2010). "Microenvironment and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer". Horm Cancer. 1 (6): 277–90. doi:10.1007/s12672-010-0054-2. PMC 3199131. PMID 21761359.

[pmid28629162-6] Dwyer AR, Greenland EL, Pixley FJ (June 2017). "Promotion of Tumor Invasion by Tumor-Associated Macrophages: The Role of CSF-1-Activated Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase and Src Family Kinase Motility Signaling". Cancers (Basel). 9 (6). doi:10.3390/cancers9060068. PMC 5483887. PMID 28629162.

[pmid19711348-7] Abraham D, Zins K, Sioud M, Lucas T, Schäfer R, Stanley ER, Aharinejad S (March 2010). "Stromal cell-derived CSF-1 blockade prolongs xenograft survival of CSF-1-negative neuroblastoma". Int. J. Cancer. 126 (6): 1339–52. doi:10.1002/ijc.24859. PMC 3222589. PMID 19711348.

[pmid11577173-8] Laron Z (October 2001). "Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1): a growth hormone". MP, Mol. Pathol. 54 (5): 311–6. PMC 1187088. PMID 11577173.

[pmid22682634-9] Weroha SJ, Haluska P (June 2012). "The insulin-like growth factor system in cancer". Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 41 (2): 335–50, vi. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.014. PMC 3614012. PMID 22682634.

[pmid12237896-10] Lukanova A, Lundin E, Toniolo P, Micheli A, Akhmedkhanov A, Rinaldi S, Muti P, Lenner P, Biessy C, Krogh V, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Berrino F, Hallmans G, Riboli E, Kaaks R (October 2002). "Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of ovarian cancer". Int. J. Cancer. 101 (6): 549–54. doi:10.1002/ijc.10613. PMID 12237896.

[pmid22589270-11] Prior IA, Lewis PD, Mattos C (May 2012). "A comprehensive survey of Ras mutations in cancer". Cancer Res. 72 (10): 2457–67. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-2612. PMC 3354961. PMID 22589270.

[pmid20007845-12] Franklin WA, Haney J, Sugita M, Bemis L, Jimeno A, Messersmith WA (January 2010). "KRAS mutation: comparison of testing methods and tissue sampling techniques in colon cancer". J Mol Diagn. 12 (1): 43–50. doi:10.2353/jmoldx.2010.080131. PMC 2797717. PMID 20007845.

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Epithelial ovarian cancer

References

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