Parathyroid adenoma classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]

Overview

Parathyroid adenoma may be classified according to location into 7 subtypes from type A gland to type G gland.

Parathyroid adenoma may be classified according to location into 7 subtypes: ^[1]

Type	Location
Type A	Adherent to the posterior thyroid parenchyma Expected location of a normal gland Almost attached Almost intracapsular
Type B	Back behind the thyroid parenchyma Exophytic to the thyroid parenchyma Lies in the tracheoesophageal groove B+ gland: An undescended gland high in the neck near the carotid bifurcation or mandible
Type C	Could be mistaken for the esophagus when palpated Caudal to the thyroid parenchyma, in the tracheoesophageal groove More inferior than a type B gland on lateral views Situated at the level of the inferior pole of the thyroid or inferior to the inferior pole of the thyroid (closer to the clavicle)
Type D	Dissection is difficult as the gland is dangerously close to the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Type E	The most externally located gland Easy to resect
Type F	Fallen into the thyrothymic ligament May be referred as "ectopic" Can be usually retrieved with delivery of the superior portion of the thymus
Type G	Got caught in thyroid tissue Gated into the thyroid parenchyma A true intra intrathyroidal gland is rare

↑ Perrier ND, Edeiken B, Nunez R, Gayed I, Jimenez C, Busaidy N; et al. (2009). "A novel nomenclature to classify parathyroid adenomas". World J Surg. 33 (3): 412–6. doi:10.1007/s00268-008-9894-0. PMID 19148701.