Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mohsin, M.D. [2] Shanshan Cen, M.D. [3]
Overview MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of neurofibroma.
MRI MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of neurofibromaMRI signal characteristics include:[ 1] [ 2]
MRI sequence
Characteristics
T1
Hypointense
Homogeneous low signal intensity
Center demonstrating a higher signal intensity than the periphery (reverse of target sign on T2)
T2
Hyperintense
Homogeneous high signal intensity (higher than fat)
Target sign (plexiform neurofibromas)
Low signal intensity centrally with a ring of high signal intensity peripherally
Due to a dense central area of collagenous stroma
Highly suggestive of neurofibroma but occasionally also seen in schwannomas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Fascicular sign
Plexiform neurofibromas may appear as a larger and more infiltrating mass with lobulated borders with inhomogeneous enhancement
Myxoid stroma enhancement helps differentiating the high signal intensity at T2-weighted imaging from cystic change or necrosis
T1 C+ (Gd) (with gadolinium contrast)
Plexiform Neurofibroma of the Bladder. Axial unenhanced MR image shows mild nonuniform enhancement of the large bladder mass.Source: Wilkinson LM. et al, From the Department of Medical Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Plexiform Neurofibroma of the Bladder. Axial T1-weighted MR image shows the bladder mass, which has predominantly low signal intensity. Source: Wilkinson LM. et al, From the Department of Medical Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Plexiform Neurofibroma of the Bladder. Sagittal, T2-weighted MR image shows that the mass contains multiple areas of low signal intensity centrally and high signal intensity peripherally (arrow). This finding is referred to as the target sign and is suggestive of plexiform neurofibroma. Source: Wilkinson LM. et al, From the Department of Medical Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Plexiform Neurofibroma of the Bladder. Axial T2-weighted MR image shows that the mass contains multiple areas of low signal intensity centrally and high signal intensity peripherally. This finding is referred to as the target sign and is suggestive of plexiform neurofibroma.Source: Wilkinson LM. et al, From the Department of Medical Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Plexiform Neurofibroma of the Bladder.Axial gadolinium-enhanced MR image shows mild nonuniform enhancement of the large bladder mass. Source: Wilkinson LM. et al, From the Department of Medical Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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