Friedreich's ataxia epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[[2]]

Epidemiology and demographics

Incidence

• The incidence of Friedreich’s ataxia is approximately 2-4 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Prevalence

• The prevalence of Friedreich’s ataxia is approximately 2-4 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Age

• Friedreich’s Ataxia commonly affects individuals from early childhood through to early adulthood, starting with poor balance when walking, followed by slurred speech and upper-limb ataxia.
• Friedreich’s Ataxia is usually first diagnosed at age 10 to 15 years but onset of disease may be as early as age 2 years and as late as the 8th decade.

Race and Region

• The GAA triplet repeat expansion that causes Friedreich’s Ataxia usually affects only individuals of the European, North African, Middle Eastern, or Indian origin (Indo-European and Afro-Asiatic speakers).
• Sub-Saharan Africans, Amerindians, and individuals from China, Japan, and Southeast Asia are less likely to develop Friedreich’s Ataxia.

Gender

• Friedreich’s Ataxia affects men and women equally.
• Female are more commonly affected by clinical fractures than male.