Bado Classification
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2].
Monteggia Fracture-Dislocations
Bado Classification for the Monteggia Fracture-Dislocations | Mechanism of Injury | |
Type I
60% of cases |
Fracture of the proximal or middle third of the ulna with anterior dislocation of the radial head (most common in children and young adults) | (1) direct blow to posterior elbow
(2) hyper-pronated force on an outstretched arm (3) contracted biceps resists forearm extension causing dislocation and followed by impact leading to ulna fracture |
Type II
15% of cases |
Fracture of the proximal or middle third of the ulna with posterior dislocation of the radial head (70 to 80% of adult Monteggia fractures) | (1) Axial load directed up the forearm with a slightly flexed elbow |
Type III
20% of cases |
Fracture of the ulnar metaphysis (distal to coronoid process) with lateral dislocation of the radial head | (1) Varus force on an extended elbow leads to a greenstick fracture of the ulna |
Type IV
5% of cases |
Fracture of the proximal or middle third of the ulna and radius with dislocation of the radial head in any direction | (1) Rarest type and poorly understood mechanism. |
Jupiter Classification of Type II Monteggia Fracture-Dislocations | |
Type IIA | Coronoid level |
Type IIB | Metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction |
Type IIC | Distal to coronoid |
Type IID | Fracture extending to distal half of ulna |
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