Retinoblastoma history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [3]
Overview
The hallmark of retinoblastoma is leukocoria which is an abnormal appearance of the retina as viewed through the pupil, also known as amaurotic cat's eye reflex.[1][2] A positive family history of retinoblastoma may be present. Less common symptoms of retinoblastoma include deterioration of vision, a red and irritated eye, eye pain, proptosis, and fever.
History
In taking a medical history, the doctor will ask questions about present illness, family history, risk factors, and signs and symptoms that may suggest retinoblastoma. The physician must specifically inquire about a family history of eye tumors, blindness, childhood malignancies, or enucleation. A family history of other cancers such as sarcomas should also be inquired. The parents should be asked if either strabismus and/or leukocoria have been observed. Less than 10 percent of retinoblastoma patients have a positive family history for the disease.
Symptoms
The most common finding of retinoblastoma are:[1][3]
- Leukocoria (an abnormal appearance of the retina as viewed through the pupil, also known as amaurotic cat's eye reflex), (Please see below).
- Strabismus
- Painful blind eye
- Loss of vision
Less common symptoms of retinoblastoma include:
- Deterioration of vision
- Proptosis
- Eye pain
- Fever
- Symptoms of glaucoma which include:
- Severe headache
- Nausea and vomiting
- Blurred vision
- Halos around lights
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Abramson DH, Beaverson K, Sangani P, Vora RA, Lee TC, Hochberg HM; et al. (2003). "Screening for retinoblastoma: presenting signs as prognosticators of patient and ocular survival". Pediatrics. 112 (6 Pt 1): 1248–55. PMID 14654593.
- ↑ Abramson DH, Ellsworth RM, Grumbach N, Sturgis-Buckhout L, Haik BG (1986). "Retinoblastoma: correlation between age at diagnosis and survival". J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 23 (4): 174–7. PMID 3746592.
- ↑ Shifa, Jemal Zeberga; Gezmu, Alemayehu Mekonnen (2017). "Presenting signs of retinoblastoma at a tertiary level teaching hospital in Ethiopia". Pan African Medical Journal. 28. doi:10.11604/pamj.2017.28.66.11199. ISSN 1937-8688.
- ↑ Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard Radiopaedia (original file [1]).[http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC