Retinoblastoma history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[3] Simrat Sarai, M.D. [4]
Overview
The hallmark of retinoblastoma is leukocoria which is an abnormal appearance of the retina as viewed through the pupil, also known as amaurotic cat's eye reflex. Other common symptoms include strabismus and proptosis. The clinical presentation depends on the stage of the disease.
History and ymptoms
History
History of a patient with retinoblastoma should be focused on the following factors:[1]
- Complete perinatal history including:
- Pregnancy complications
- Prematurity
- Birth weight
- Type of delivery
- Use of oxygen
- Personal history of:
- Malformations
- Exposure to pets
- Recent trauma
- Systemic illness
- Family history of:
- Genetic disease
- Blindness
- Enucleation
- Amblyopia
- Retinoblastoma
Clinical features of retinoblatoma are approximately the same in variable studies and the common findings are as follow:[2][3][4]
- Leukocoria (an abnormal appearance of the retina as viewed through the pupil, also known as amaurotic cat's eye reflex), (Please see below).
- Strabismus (especially when the macula is involved)
- Decreased visual acquity
- Painful red eye
- Anterior scleral staphyloma
- Hyphema
- Buphthalmia
- Loss of vision
Presenting symptoms in adult onset of the tumor are insidious and are such as:[5]
- Dimness of vision
- Perception of floater
- Pain and redness
Advanced and/or metastatic form of the tumor also presents with constitutional symptoms such as:
- Proptosis
- Weight loss
- Vomiting
- Headache
- Neurologic impairement
- Orbital mass
References
- ↑ Shields CL, Shields JA, Baez K, Cater JR, De Potter P (February 1994). "Optic nerve invasion of retinoblastoma. Metastatic potential and clinical risk factors". Cancer. 73 (3): 692–8. PMID 8299091.
- ↑ Chebbi; Bouguila, H.; Boussaid, S.; Ben Aleya, N.; Zgholi, H.; Malek, I.; Zeghal, I.; Nacef, L. (2014). "Le profil clinique du rétinoblastome en Tunisie". Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie. 37 (6): 442–448. doi:10.1016/j.jfo.2014.01.009. ISSN 0181-5512. Unknown parameter
|firs t1=ignored (help) - ↑ Abramson DH, Beaverson K, Sangani P, Vora RA, Lee TC, Hochberg HM, Kirszrot J, Ranjithan M (December 2003). "Screening for retinoblastoma: presenting signs as prognosticators of patient and ocular survival". Pediatrics. 112 (6 Pt 1): 1248–55. PMID 14654593.
- ↑ Shifa, Jemal Zeberga; Gezmu, Alemayehu Mekonnen (2017). "Presenting signs of retinoblastoma at a tertiary level teaching hospital in Ethiopia". Pan African Medical Journal. 28. doi:10.11604/pamj.2017.28.66.11199. ISSN 1937-8688.
- ↑ Khetan, Vikas; Sengupta, Sabyasachi; Pan, Utsab (2016). "Adult onset retinoblastoma". Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 64 (7): 485. doi:10.4103/0301-4738.190099. ISSN 0301-4738.
- ↑ Image courtesy of Dr. Frank Gaillard Radiopaedia (original file [1]).[http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC