Ovarian cancer causes

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Ovarian cancer etiology is not completely understood but there are multiple factors that can play a role in its occurrence
Based on multiple studies, the following can be the causes of ovarian cancer:
- Follicle stimulation or fertility drugs as Clomiphene^[1]
Theories:
*Theory 1: Repeated ovulations lead to injury of the ovarian epithelium and subsequent exposure to the inflammatory cytokine, transformation of the mesenchymal epithelium, alteration of the genes and hence cancer.
* With increased age, cortical inclusion cysts develop and its ovarian surface epithelium become metaplastic or neoplastic under the effect of accumulated inflammatory cytokines or stromal factors stimulation ^[2]
* Theory 2:
Theory 3:

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References

↑ Spirtas, Robert; Kaufman, Steven C.; Alexander, Nancy J. (1993). "Fertility drugs and ovarian cancer: red alert or red herring?". Fertility and Sterility. 59 (2): 291–293. doi:10.1016/S0015-0282(16)55670-2. ISSN 0015-0282.
↑ Ottevanger, Petronella Beatrix (2017). "Ovarian cancer stem cells more questions than answers". Seminars in Cancer Biology. 44: 67–71. doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.04.009. ISSN 1044-579X.