Ovarian cancer causes
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Ovarian cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Ovarian cancer causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ovarian cancer causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Huda A. Karman, M.D.
Overview
Causes
- Ovarian cancer etiology is not completely understood but there are multiple risk factors that can play a role in its occurrence such as:
- Follicle stimulation or fertility drugs as Clomiphene[1]
- Based on multiple studies, the following are theories of the etiology of ovarian cancer:
- Theory 1: Repeated ovulations lead to injury of the ovarian epithelium and subsequent exposure to the inflammatory cytokine, transformation of the mesenchymal epithelium, alteration of the genes and hence cancer.
- With increased age, cortical inclusion cysts develop and its ovarian surface epithelium become metaplastic or neoplastic under the effect of accumulated inflammatory cytokines or stromal factors stimulation [2]
- Theory 2: Ovarian cancer originates from the fallopian tube. This theory evidenced by the presence of dysplastic changes in the fallopian tubes of women who underwent prophylactic removal of their ovaries.
- Theory 3: Persistent Gonadotrophin release from the pituitary gland has a direct effect on the ovarian epithelium and is considered carcinogenic [3]
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Ovarian cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Ovarian cancer causes On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ovarian cancer causes |
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Drug Side Effect
References
- ↑ Spirtas, Robert; Kaufman, Steven C.; Alexander, Nancy J. (1993). "Fertility drugs and ovarian cancer: red alert or red herring?". Fertility and Sterility. 59 (2): 291–293. doi:10.1016/S0015-0282(16)55670-2. ISSN 0015-0282.
- ↑ Ottevanger, Petronella Beatrix (2017). "Ovarian cancer stem cells more questions than answers". Seminars in Cancer Biology. 44: 67–71. doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.04.009. ISSN 1044-579X.
- ↑ Fishel S, Jackson P (1989). "Follicular stimulation for high tech pregnancies: are we playing it safe?". BMJ. 299 (6694): 309–11. doi:10.1136/bmj.299.6694.309. PMC 1837149. PMID 2535637.