Parathyroid adenoma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
A single parathyroid adenoma is responsible for 80% to 85% of hyperparathyroidism[1]. A double adenomas the culprit in 4% to 5%, and parathyroid hyperplasia in 10% to 12%[2]. Parathyroid carcinomas are very rare causes of hyperparathyroidism and account for less than 1% of disease. Adenomas are most common in patients 50 to 70 years old.They can occur at any age. Women are affected 3-times as often as men
Epidemiology and Demographics
- A single parathyroid adenoma is responsible for 80% to 85% of hyperparathyroidism[1].
- A double adenomas the culprit in 4% to 5%, and parathyroid hyperplasia in 10% to 12%[2].
- Parathyroid carcinomas are very rare causes of hyperparathyroidism and account for less than 1% of disease.
- Adenomas are most common in patients 50 to 70 years old.
- They can occur at any age. Women are affected 3-times as often as men.
Prevalence
- Medulloblastoma is the second most common brain tumor among the pediatric population.[3]
- Medulloblastoma is considered a rare tumor among adults, as it comprises fewer than 2% of all brain tumors among that age group.
Incidence
- The overall age adjusted incidence rate of medulloblastoma is approximately 0.71 per 100,000 individuals in the United States.[4]
Age
- The incidence of medulloblastoma decreases with age; the median age at diagnosis is between 5 to 7 years.[5]
- The molecular subgroup of medulloblastoma has an influence on the age of presentation such as:[6]
- WNT medulloblastoma subgroup presents among older children
- SHH medulloblastoma subgroup presents among infants and adults
- Group 3 medulloblastoma presents among younger children
- Group 4 medulloblastoma presents among younger children
Gender
- The overall age adjusted incidence rate of medulloblastoma among males is approximately 0.84 per 100,000 individuals in the United States.[4]
- The overall age adjusted incidence rate of medulloblastoma among females is approximately 0.58 per 100,000 individuals in the United States.
- Males are more commonly affected with medulloblastoma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.44 to 1.
Race
- There is no racial predilection to medulloblastoma.[7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Edafe O, Collins EE, Ubhi CS, Balasubramanian SP (February 2018). "Current predictive models do not accurately differentiate between single and multi gland disease in primary hyperparathyroidism: a retrospective cohort study of two endocrine surgery units". Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 100 (2): 140–145. doi:10.1308/rcsann.2017.0112. PMC 5838681. PMID 29022783.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wolfe SA, Sharma S. PMID 29939647. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Medulloblastoma. Wikipedia(2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medulloblastoma Accessed on September, 28th 2015
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 McKean-Cowdin R, Razavi P, Barrington-Trimis J, Baldwin RT, Asgharzadeh S, Cockburn M; et al. (2013). "Trends in childhood brain tumor incidence, 1973-2009". J Neurooncol. 115 (2): 153–60. doi:10.1007/s11060-013-1212-5. PMC 4056769. PMID 23925828.
- ↑ Bartlett F, Kortmann R, Saran F (2013). "Medulloblastoma". Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 25 (1): 36–45. doi:10.1016/j.clon.2012.09.008. PMID 23245832.
- ↑ Leary SE, Olson JM (2012) The molecular classification of medulloblastoma: driving the next generation clinical trials. Curr Opin Pediatr 24 (1):33-9. DOI:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32834ec106 PMID: 22189395
- ↑ Roberts RO, Lynch CF, Jones MP, Hart MN (1991). "Medulloblastoma: a population-based study of 532 cases". J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 50 (2): 134–44. PMID 2010773.