Coronavirus primary prevention

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]

Primary Prevention

Exposure Control

2019-nCoV

There is currently no vaccine to prevent 2019-nCoV infection. The best way to prevent infection is to avoid being exposed to this virus. The following practices should be adopted for infection control:

• Hand washing often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
• Using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol if soap and water are not available
• Avoid touching eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands
• Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
• Stay home when symptomatic
• Cover cough or sneeze with a tissue, then throw the tissue in the trash
• Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces.

• Protective clothing:
  • Lab coats, gloves when direct skin contact with infected materials or animals is unavoidable.
  • Eye protection must be used where there is a known or potential risk of exposure to splashes.
• Miscellaneous
  • All procedures that may produce aerosols, or involve high concentrations or large volumes should be conducted in a biological safety cabinet (BSC).
  • The use of needles, syringes, and other sharp objects should be strictly limited. Additional precautions should be considered with work involving animals or large scale activities.

Handling and Storage

• Spills
  • Allow aerosols to settle and, wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with paper towels and apply an appropriate disinfectant, starting at the perimeter and working towards the center.
  • Allow sufficient contact time before clean up.
• Disposal
  • Decontaminate all wastes that contain or have come in contact with the infectious organism before disposing by autoclave, chemical disinfection, gamma irradiation, or incineration.
• Storage
  • The infectious agent should be stored in leak-proof containers that are appropriately labeled.