Coronavirus Diagnostic Criteria

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Diagnostic Criteria

2019-nCoV

Patients in the United States who meet the following criteria should be evaluated as in association with the outbreak of 2019-nCoV in Wuhan City, China.

Clinical Features	&	Epidemiologic Risk
Fever and symptoms of lower respiratory illness (e.g., cough, difficulty breathing)	and	In the last 14 days before symptom onset, a history of travel from Wuhan City, China. – or – In the last 14 days before symptom onset, close contact2 with a person who is under investigation for 2019-nCoV while that person was ill.
Fever or symptoms of lower respiratory illness (e.g., cough, difficulty breathing)	and	In the last 14 days, close contact2 with an ill laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV patient.

MERS-CoV

Criteria for diagnosis of MERS-CoV RNA: a positive result for at least one of the following:

• Positivity for at least two MERS-CoV-specific gene targets (upE, ORF1a, ORF1b, N) by real-time RT-PCR (recommended)
• Positivity on RT-PCR result for at least one MERS-CoV-specific gene target [ORF1b (RdRp), N], AND confirmation by base sequence analysis of the PCR product
• Diagnosis by serological tests: a) Seroconversion using two serum specimens collected at an interval of at least 14 days b) The screening test with ELISA or IFA, and the confirmatory neutralization test

SARS-CoV

Cinical Criteria	Laboratory Criteria	Epidemiological Criteria
Fever > 38C and respiratory illness	Antibody to SARS-CoV ( > 28 days or acute)	Travel history (10 days) to SARS endemic area
Radiological findings	Detection of SARS-CoV RNA by RT-PCR and confirmation by PCR assay	Close contact with SARS infected patient
Autopsy findings	Isolation of virus