Pulmonary atresia medical therapy
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Pulmonary atresia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2], Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [4]
Overview
A patient with pulmonary atresia will require immediate intervention. Intravenous medical therapies may be employed as a supportive mechanism to assist in improvement of hemodynamics, as well as cardiovascular and pulmonary functioning.
Medical Therapy
- Medical therapy in new born with Pulmonary atresia serves only as a bridge to the surgical treatment. It is temporarily and definitive treatment is only surgical
- It is targeted to keep the ductus arteriosus open that otherwise will close in 48 hr. An IV medication called prostaglandin E1 is used for to keep the ductus arteriosus open and gives time while the new born will be prepared for the definitive treatment. Blood circulates from the aorta to the pulmonary artery via this ductus and get oxygenated in the lungs.
- Other short term strategy is keepin the opening between the right and left atrium patent ( foramen ovale ). This process is called "Balloon atrial septostomy" done via Cardiac Catheterization. A guided wire with the tip of balloon on it is inserted via vein and advanced to the right side of the heart. reaching the foramen ovale. The balloon tip is inflated and adjusted at the opening and the wire is removed This opening will shunt the blood from the right atrium to the left, to the aorta and via ductus arterosus to the pulmonary artery and then to the lungs for proper oxygenation.
- It should be kept in mind these procedure ONLY are the short term management and eventually new born will need surgery. [5]