Sandbox:BSoni
Are face-masks effective against COVID-19?
- The use of face-masks has been demonstrated to slow the spread of COVID-19.
- Studies conducted in community and healthcare settings observed that the use of face-masks was helpful in reducing the spread of the virus. [1]
Can you have COVID-19 without a fever?
- Yes, one can be diagnosed with COVID-19 without having a fever. Although a majority of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 have fever as a symptom, there are patients who develop other symptoms like shortness of breath, cough and fatigue without developing a fever.[2]
Can COVID-19 be spread through feces?
- There is a lot of research being done regarding this, and there is no conclusive evidence that COVID-19 can be transmitted through feces.[3]
Is there a vaccine for COVID-19?
- No, currently there is no vaccine that can prevent COVID-19. Researchers from all over the world are working on developing a vaccine for this virus, and are hopeful that a viable vaccine will be developed in the coming months.[4]
- Drinking alcohol does not inactivate the coronavirus and does not prevent one from catching the virus. Additionally, excessive use of alcohol can lead to a weakened immune system, leading to a greater risk of becoming sick.[5]
I got my tonsils removed 3 months back, am I more vulnerable than the general population?
- Currently, there is no research linking the removal of tonsils and the vulnerability of getting sick with COVID-19. There have been several studies that have been performed to check the relationship between getting a tonsillectomy and its effect on the immune system. These have found that in a majority of cases, there is no negative effect of removing tonsils on the body's immune system.[6]
I have been on HCQ for many years for an autoimmune condition, does that make me immune to COVID-19?
- Studies have shown that the use of hydroxychloroquine for prevention does not decrease the incidence of COVID-19; and does not make one immune to COVID-19.[7]
Can COVID-19 be transmitted through food?
- There is no current evidence that the COVID-19 virus can be transmitted through food.[8]
- It is highly encouraged to frequently wash hands with soap for at least 20 seconds before eating or handling food.
- Additionally, all food packaging and frequently used surfaces should be cleaned and disinfected thoroughly.
What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
- There are several different symptoms of COVID-19. Below are the majority of them:[9]
- Fever or chills
- Cough
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Fatigue
- Muscle or body aches
- Headache
- New loss of taste or smell
- Sore throat
- Congestion or runny nose
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhea
- This is not a comprehensive list and it will be updated as more research is conducted.
- Please see your doctor if you feel sick or if you have come in contact with anyone who has been diagnosed with COVID-19.
Can COVID-19 be transmitted through water?
- There is no evidence that COVID-19 can be transmitted through water.[10]
- Disinfection and chemical treatment of water by water treatment plants has demonstrated the removal of the virus.
| Small bowel obstruction vs Ileus | ||
|---|---|---|
| SBO | Ileus | |
| Etiology | Prior surgery | Recent surgery |
| Abdominal exam | Distension
|
Possible distension
|
| Small bowel dilation | Present | Present |
| Large bowel dilation | Absent | Present |
USING ALGORITHM
| Box 1 in Row 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Box 2 in Row 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Box 3 in Row 3 | Box 4 in Row 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Another flowchart
| Chest Pain | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stable angina | Unstable angina | MI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NSTEMI | STEMI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heart bundle branch blocks are RBBB and LBBB
- list
- list 2
- numbered
- 2
- 3
- numbered
text in bold text in italics text in bold and italics
- font in blue test
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Centered red text.
- semi colon test
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- indentation for new paragraph without list and bold
Overview
Historical Perspective
- Disease Name and discovery
- Gene mutations
- 1st diagnosis in year
Classification
- Disease classification
- group 1
- group 2
- variations of disease
- ↑ MacIntyre, C. Raina; Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad (2020). "A rapid systematic review of the efficacy of face masks and respirators against coronaviruses and other respiratory transmissible viruses for the community, healthcare workers and sick patients". International Journal of Nursing Studies. 108: 103629. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103629. ISSN 0020-7489.
- ↑ Guan, Wei-jie; Ni, Zheng-yi; Hu, Yu; Liang, Wen-hua; Ou, Chun-quan; He, Jian-xing; Liu, Lei; Shan, Hong; Lei, Chun-liang; Hui, David S.C.; Du, Bin; Li, Lan-juan; Zeng, Guang; Yuen, Kwok-Yung; Chen, Ru-chong; Tang, Chun-li; Wang, Tao; Chen, Ping-yan; Xiang, Jie; Li, Shi-yue; Wang, Jin-lin; Liang, Zi-jing; Peng, Yi-xiang; Wei, Li; Liu, Yong; Hu, Ya-hua; Peng, Peng; Wang, Jian-ming; Liu, Ji-yang; Chen, Zhong; Li, Gang; Zheng, Zhi-jian; Qiu, Shao-qin; Luo, Jie; Ye, Chang-jiang; Zhu, Shao-yong; Zhong, Nan-shan (2020). "Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China". New England Journal of Medicine. 382 (18): 1708–1720. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Amirian, E. Susan (2020). "Potential fecal transmission of SARS-CoV-2: Current evidence and implications for public health". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 95: 363–370. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.057. ISSN 1201-9712.
- ↑ "How to Protect Yourself & Others | CDC".
- ↑ Bitar, Mohamad A.; Dowli, Alexander; Mourad, Marc (2015). "The effect of tonsillectomy on the immune system: A systematic review and meta-analysis". International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 79 (8): 1184–1191. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.05.016. ISSN 0165-5876.
- ↑ Boulware, David R.; Pullen, Matthew F.; Bangdiwala, Ananta S.; Pastick, Katelyn A.; Lofgren, Sarah M.; Okafor, Elizabeth C.; Skipper, Caleb P.; Nascene, Alanna A.; Nicol, Melanie R.; Abassi, Mahsa; Engen, Nicole W.; Cheng, Matthew P.; LaBar, Derek; Lother, Sylvain A.; MacKenzie, Lauren J.; Drobot, Glen; Marten, Nicole; Zarychanski, Ryan; Kelly, Lauren E.; Schwartz, Ilan S.; McDonald, Emily G.; Rajasingham, Radha; Lee, Todd C.; Hullsiek, Kathy H. (2020). "A Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine as Postexposure Prophylaxis for Covid-19". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2016638. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ "COVID-19 Frequently Asked Questions | FDA".