Otorrhea overview
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Otorrhea overview On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Ear discharge may be caused by an irritation or inflamed tissue within the mastoid, ear canal, or middle ear.
Pathophysiology
When the middle ear becomes acutely infected by bacteria, pressure builds up behind the ear drum, usually but not always causing pain. In severe or untreated cases, the tympanic membrane may rupture, allowing the pus in the middle ear space to drain into the ear canal. If there is enough of it, this drainage may be obvious. Even though the rupture of the tympanic membrane suggests a traumatic process, it is almost always associated with the dramatic relief of pressure and pain.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Instead of the infection and eardrum perforation resolving, drainage from the middle ear can become a chronic condition. As long as there is active middle ear infection, the eardrum will not heal.
Diagnosis
CT
CT of temporal bones may be performed for cholesteatoma, mastoiditis, and CSF otorrhea.
Treament
Medical Therapy
Foreign bodies can be removed with alligator forceps under magnification. In a simple case of acute otitis media in an otherwise healthy person, the body's defenses are likely to resolve the infection and the ear drum nearly always heals. Antibiotic administration can prevent perforation of the eardrum and hasten recovery of the ear.