Relapsing fever risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Risk Factors
Risk factors of TBRF: Sleeping in caves, wood cabins or earthen floored huts in areas
Risk factors of LBRF: Poor personal hygiene, overcrowding like in military camps, prisons, street children sleeping areas, civilian population disrupted by war and other disasters.[1]
TBRF in pregnancy
TBRF contacted during pregnancy can cause spontaneous abortion, [[premature birth, and neonatal death (Melkert and Stel 1991). The maternal-fetal transmission of Borrelia is believed to occur either transplacentally (Steenbarger 1982) or while traversing the birth canal. In one study, perinatal infection with TBRF was shown to lead to lower birth weights, younger gestational age, and higher perinatal mortality (Jongen, van Roosmalen et al. 1997).
In general, pregnant women have higher spirochete loads and more severe symptoms than nonpregnant women. Higher spirochete loads have not, however, been found to correlate with fetal outcome.
Immunity
Although there is limited information on the immunity of TBRF, there have been patients who developed the disease more than once.[2]
References
- ↑ Yimer M, Abera B, Mulu W, Bezabih B, Mohammed J (September 2014). "Prevalence and risk factors of louse-borne relapsing fever in high risk populations in Bahir Dar city Northwest, Ethiopia". BMC Res Notes. 7: 615. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-7-615. PMC 4175284. PMID 25196787.
- ↑ http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/RelapsingFever/RF_Symptoms.htm