Dyspareunia classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
It may be classified into two types in women: superficial, which occurs in or around the vaginal entrance, and is characterized by initial discomfort in initial or attempted penetration of the vaginal introitus. Deep dyspareunia is a pain that occurs with deep vaginal penetration. which resulting from pelvic thrusting during intercourse. Causes are divided into three groups according to Onset, Frequency as well. Based on the onset, dyspareunia can be divided into two groups based on the onset in women: Primary (onset with first sexual experience) Often has psychological causes, such as sexual abuse in childhood, feeling of guilt or shame toward sex, or fear of intercourse or painful first intercourse, and secondary dyspareunia that its beginning is after a previous sexual activity that was not painful. Dyspareunia can be Persistent, which occurs in all situations, possibly due to physical or psychological factors, or conditional dyspareunia that occurs in certain situations. Abdomino-pelvic disorders such as endometriosis, imperforate hymen, vaginal septum, or organic vulvodynia due to infection, lichen sclerosis, or vestibulitis, vaginal infections, prolapse, trauma, or vaginal dryness can cause dyspareunia. It can also be due to gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic constipation, diverticular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease/proctitis. Scarring due to previous pelvic surgery, episiotomy, and perineorraphy, or urological causes such as cystitis, interstitial cystitis, or urethritis can cause dyspareunia as well. Male dyspareunia is divided into broad categories of underlying causes ranging from anatomic anomalies to psychosocial problems. Male dyspareunia is related to the following anatomical structures: 1) prepuce, 2) glans penis, 3) penile shaft, 4) testicles, and 5) urethra and prostate gland. Another classification system defines four broad categories: Isolated painful ejaculation, Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain, Medical causes, psychological causes.
Dyspareunia classifctaion
- Dyspareunia and vaginismus have been grouped as genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder in DSM-5. This is defined as persistent or recurrent difficulty in vaginal penetration, marked pelvic or vulvovaginal pain during or while attempting penetration, fear or anxiety about pain before, during, or after penetration, and tightening or tensing of the pelvic floor muscles when penetration is attempted.[1]
- Dyspareunia in females may be classified into two types according to the location:
- Superficial, which occurs in or around the vaginal entrance, and is characterized by initial discomfort in initial or attempted penetration of the vaginal introitus. Commonly found in:
- Vulvodynia
- Vaginismus
- Vestibulodynia
- Perineal trauma following childbirth
- Deep dyspareunia is a pain that occurs with deep vaginal penetration, which results from pelvic thrusting during intercourse. Conditions are associated with deep dyspareunia are:
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Endometriosis
- Chronic PID
- Superficial, which occurs in or around the vaginal entrance, and is characterized by initial discomfort in initial or attempted penetration of the vaginal introitus. Commonly found in:
- It is divided into three groups according to Onset, Frequency in women as well.
- Based on the onset, dyspareunia can be divided into two groups:
- Primary (onset with first sexual experience) Often has psychological causes, such as sexual abuse in childhood, feeling of guilt or shame toward sex or fear of intercourse or painful first intercourse
- secondary dyspareunia that its beginning is after a previous sexual activity that was not painful.
- Dyspareunia can be divided into Persistent or conditional, based on frequency.
- Persistent which occurs in all situations, possibly due to physical or psychological factors
- Conditional dyspareunia that occurs in certain situations.
- Male dyspareunia is divided into broad categories of underlying causes ranging from anatomic anomalies to psychosocial problems. Male dyspareunia is related to the following anatomical structures:
- (1) prepuce
- (2) glans penis
- (3) penile shaft
- (4) testicles
- (5) urethra and prostate gland.
- Another classification system defines four broad categories for male dyspareunia:
- Isolated painful ejaculation
- Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain
- Medical causes
- psychological causes.