Cyanosis medical therapy
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
In every neonate presented with cyanosis and shock, congenital heart disease dependent on patency ductus arteriosus should be considered. The physiologic constriction of ductus arteriosus after birth in a neonate whose pulmonary blood flow or aortic blood flow is dependent on PDA leads to shock and collapse in the neonate. Infusion of prostaglan in such a neonate is life-saving and keeps patency ductus arteriosus. Treatment of underlying causes of peripheral cyanosis such as tamponade or cardiogenic shock due to low cardiac output state and peripheral vasoconstriction lead to disappearing of cyanosis.
Medical therapy of Cyanosis
Abbreviations:
d-TGA: dextro-Transposition of great arteries;
PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus ;
ASD: Atrial septal defect;
VSD: Ventricular septal defect;
TOF: Tetralogy of fallot;
CHD: Congenitally heart disease;
PS: Pulmonary stenosis;
PTE: Pulmonary thromboemboli;
AS: Aortic stenosis;
ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome;
Causes of cyanosis | CHD dependent on PDA | CHD with severe restriction of pulmonary blood flow | CHD due to severe restriction systemic blood flow | CHD due to bidirectional shunt | Methemoglobinemia | PTE | Cardiogenic shock | ARDS | Acute mountain sickness | Pulmonary edema | |
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Example | Example | Example | Example | EXAMPLE | Example | Example | Example | ||||
Mechanism of cyanosis | Example | Hypoxia and cyanosis due to constriction of the ductus arteriosus after birth and dependency of the Pulmonary circulation on the patency of the ductus arteriosus | Cyanosis,systemic hypoperfusion, circulatory collapse, metabolic acidosis, shock due to constriction ductus arteriosus and dependency systemic circulation on PDA after birth | Mixing of pulmonary and systemic blood flow via PDA for maintaining circulation is necessay | Example | Example | Example | Example | Example | Example | |
Treatment | Example | Prostaglandin E1 | Prostaglandin E1 | Prostaglandin E1 | Example | Example | Example | Example |
Diseases
Respiratory distress syndromeSurfactant therapy
Ebstein's anomaly
Coarctation of aortaPreoperative
Postoperative
Eisenmenger syndrome
Methemoglobinemia
Peripheral cyanosis treatmentRaynaud's phenomenon
Peripheral vascular disease
Cilostazol
Endovascular Revascularization Modalities
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