Cholesterol emboli syndrome risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nasrin Nikravangolsefid, MD-MPH [2]
Overview
The most potent risk factor in the development of cholesterol emboli syndrome is atherosclerosis. Other risk factors include cardiovascular interventions such as angiography and cardiovascular surgery, aortic aneurysm, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, aging, male sex, anticoagulants such as warfarin, thrombolytic therapy and higher serum CRP levels.
Risk Factors
- The most potent risk factor in the development of cholesterol emboli syndrome is atherosclerosis. [1]
- Other risk factors include[1][2][3][4][5][6]:
- cardiovascular interventions such as angiography, cardiovascular surgery
- aortic aneurysm
- diabetes mellitus
- hypertension
- dyslipidemia
- smoking
- aging
- male sex
- anticoagulants such as warfarin
- thrombolytic therapy
- higher serum CRP levels
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ozkok, Abdullah (2019). "
Cholesterol-embolization syndrome: current perspectives
". Vascular Health and Risk Management. Volume 15: 209–220. doi:10.2147/VHRM.S175150. ISSN 1178-2048. - ↑ Saklayen, Mohammad G.; Gupta, Satyendra; Suryaprasad, Agaram; Azmeh, Wayel; Saklayen, Mohammad G. (2016). "Incidence of Atheroembolic Renal Failure After Coronary Angiography". Angiology. 48 (7): 609–613. doi:10.1177/000331979704800707. ISSN 0003-3197.
- ↑ Fukumoto, Yoshihiro; Tsutsui, Hiroyuki; Tsuchihashi, Miyuki; Masumoto, Akihiro; Takeshita, Akira (2003). "The incidence and risk factors of cholesterol embolization syndrome, a complication of cardiac catheterization: a prospective study". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 42 (2): 211–216. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00579-5. ISSN 0735-1097.
- ↑ Hyman, Bradley T.; Landas, Steve K.; Ashman, Robert F.; Schelper, Robert L.; Robinson, Robert A. (1987). "Warfarin-related purple toes syndrome and cholesterol microembolization". The American Journal of Medicine. 82 (6): 1233–1237. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(87)90231-2. ISSN 0002-9343.
- ↑ Varis, J.; Kuusniemi, K.; Jarvelainen, H. (2010). "Cholesterol microembolization syndrome: a complication of anticoagulant therapy". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 182 (9): 931–933. doi:10.1503/cmaj.090919. ISSN 0820-3946.
- ↑ Hitti, Wassim A; Wali, Ravinder K; Weiman, Edward J; Drachenberg, Cinthia; Briglia, Andrew (2008). "Cholesterol Embolization Syndrome Induced by Thrombolytic Therapy". American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs. 8 (1): 27–34. doi:10.2165/00129784-200808010-00004. ISSN 1175-3277.