Allergy differential diagnosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Marufa Marium, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Allergy must be differentiated from other diseases that cause Dermatological (Urticaria, pruritus, flushing, Angioedema), Respiratory (Rhinorrhea,chest tightness,Wheezing, Dyspnoea, Sneezing, Shortness of breath) Mucosal (Mucosal swelling affecting nose, lips, tongue, larynx, pharynx, conjunctiva, GIT) Ocular (Periorbital edema, Conjunctival Congesion, Itching), Systemic (Hypotension). Allergy can be differentiated according to the type of allergy.
Differentiating [[allergy] from other Diseases
Allergy must be differentiated from other diseases that cause Dermatological (Urticaria, pruritus, flushing, Angioedema), Respiratory (Rhinorrhea,chest tightness,Wheezing, Dyspnoea, Sneezing, Shortness of breath) Mucosal (Mucosal swelling affecting nose, lips, tongue, larynx, pharynx, conjunctiva, GIT) Ocular (Periorbital edema, Conjunctival Congesion, Itching), Systemic (Hypotension). Allergy can be differentiated according to the types of allergy.
Differentiating Allergy from other diseases on the basis of Dermatological, Respiratory, Mucosal, Ocular, Systemic Manifestations
On the basis Dermatological, Respiratory, Mucosal, Ocular, Systemic Manifestations, Allergy must be differentiated according to the types of allergy.
- Food Allergy is differentiated from enzyme deficiencies like lactose intolerance, fructose intolerance, Celiac Disease, Toxic reactions, Irritable bowel syndrome, Tyramine or caffeine toxicity, Gustatory Rhinitis.
| Diseases | Clinical manifestations | Para-clinical findings | Gold standard | Additional findings | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | Physical examination | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lab Findings | Imaging | Histopathology | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abdominal Pain | Diarrhea/ Nausea/Vomiting | Dysphagia | Bloating/Flatulence | Regurgitation/Reflux | Urticaria/Oral Ulcer | Dyspnea | Pruritus/Flushing | Gastrointestinal | Dermatological | Respiratory | Mucosal | Ocular | Systemic and Other | Complete metabolic panel | IgA or IgG anti TTG, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 | Hydrogen/Fructose breath Test, lactose intolerance test | Toxin | Stool analysis | Endoscopy | Colonoscopy and Sigmoidoscopy | Barium Enema and X-ray | CT | MRI | ||||||||||||||
| Enzyme deficiencies and Malabsorption | +(Diffuse Mild abdominal pain) | +(Steatorrhea/Osmotic Diarrhea) | - | + | - | - | - | - | Abdominal distention, Mild tenderness -/+, Osmotic diarrhea Hepatomegaly -/+, Ascites -/+ | Koilonychia, Edema, Dermatitis, Easy Bruisability, ecchymoses, Follicular Hyperkeratosis, Pale/Icteric mucosa | Tachypnea -/+ | Glossitis/Cheilosis/Stomatitis | Keratitis, Xeropthalmia, Night blindness, | weight loss, Failure to thrive, Fatigue , Generalized and muscle weakness, Bone fracture, rickets/osteomalacia, Paresthesia, Ataxia | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Celiac Disease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Toxic reactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Irritable bowel syndrome | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tyramine or caffeine toxicity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gustatory Rhinitis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
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Allergy Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Allergy differential diagnosis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Allergy differential diagnosis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Allergy differential diagnosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]