Back pain pathophysiology
|
Back pain Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Lecture |
|
Case Studies |
|
Back pain pathophysiology On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Back pain pathophysiology |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Back pain pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Back pain can be broadly classified into inflammatory, mechanical, degenerative, oncologic and infectious. Lumbar disc disease have been linked to genetic involvment. The risk of developing lumbar disc disease increases if found in other close relatives. Genes involved in the pathogenesis of back pain include, SOX5, CCDC26/GSDMC, and DCC.
Pathophysiology
Physiology
The normal physiology of [name of process] can be understood as follows:
Pathogenesis
- The exact pathogenesis of back pain depends on the underlying cause.
- Back pain can be broadly classified into inflammatory, mechanical, degenerative, oncologic and infectious.[1][2][3][4]
| Type of back pain | Pathophysiology |
| Inflammatory | Inflammation of joints (sacroiliitis), inflammation of enthesis (spondyloarthritis) |
| Mechanical | Trauma, muscle sprain, extra weight on muscles (pregnancy, heavy lifting), |
| Oncologic | Lytic lesions in spine, nerve compression due to mass effect, pathologic fracture due to weakened bone |
| Degenerative | Cartilage degradation and bone remodeling decreases elasticity and causes pain , fractures can also occur due to osteoporosis, |
| Infectious | Infection involving spine, disc, joints, abscess formation. |
Genetics
- Lumbar disc disease have been linked to genetic involvment. The risk of developing lumbar disc disease increases if found in other close relatives.[5]
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of back pain include:[6]
- SOX5
- CCDC26/GSDMC
- DCC
Associated Conditions
Conditions associated with [disease name] include:
- [Condition 1]
- [Condition 2]
- [Condition 3]
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ Patrick N, Emanski E, Knaub MA (2014). "Acute and chronic low back pain". Med Clin North Am. 98 (4): 777–89, xii. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2014.03.005. PMID 24994051.
- ↑ Goode AP, Carey TS, Jordan JM (2013). "Low back pain and lumbar spine osteoarthritis: how are they related?". Curr Rheumatol Rep. 15 (2): 305. doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0305-z. PMC 3606549. PMID 23307577.
- ↑ Ross MD, Bayer E (2005). "Cancer as a cause of low back pain in a patient seen in a direct access physical therapy setting". J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 35 (10): 651–8. doi:10.2519/jospt.2005.35.10.651. PMID 16294986.
- ↑ Chien JJ, Bajwa ZH (2008). "What is mechanical back pain and how best to treat it?". Curr Pain Headache Rep. 12 (6): 406–11. doi:10.1007/s11916-008-0069-3. PMID 18973732.
- ↑ Feng Y, Egan B, Wang J (2016). "Genetic Factors in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration". Genes Dis. 3 (3): 178–185. doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.005. PMC 5016799. PMID 27617275.
- ↑ Suri P, Palmer MR, Tsepilov YA, Freidin MB, Boer CG, Yau MS; et al. (2018). "Genome-wide meta-analysis of 158,000 individuals of European ancestry identifies three loci associated with chronic back pain". PLoS Genet. 14 (9): e1007601. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1007601. PMC 6159857. PMID 30261039.