Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis causes
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There are more than 100 different causes of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT). Virchow's principles (blood stasis, modification of vascular wall, and blood rheology) should be used to identify all the predisposing conditions for CVT. There are also some genetic and acquired causes leading to CVT. In the cohort of an International study of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis(ISCVT), 34% of patients had thrombophilia while 22% of them had acquired thrombophilia.[1][2]
Genetic prothrombotic causes:
- Protein C and S deficiency
- Factor v Leiden mutation
- Resistance to activated protein C
- prothrombin mutation (A–G at position 20210)
- mutations leading to homocysteinemia
- methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)
'''Acquired''' Prothrombotic States
- homocysteinemia
- otitis
- systemic infectious diseases
- AIDS
'''Inflammatory''' and '''Autoimmune''' '''Diseases''' ]
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- Adamantiades-Behçet disease
- thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- thrombocythemia
- severe anemia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
DrugsBold text
- oral contraceptives
- steroids
- illicit drugs (such as ecstasy)
Mechanical Causes
- neurosurgical procedures
- jugular vein catheterization
- CNS tumors
- '''solid''' tumors outside [[CNS]]
Other Causes
- dehydration, especially in children
- toxicosis
- arteriovenous malformations
- dural fistulae
- post radiation
References ==
- ↑ Stam, Jan (2005). "Thrombosis of the Cerebral Veins and Sinuses". New England Journal of Medicine. 352 (17): 1791–1798. doi:10.1056/NEJMra042354. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Filippidis, Aristotelis; Kapsalaki, Eftychia; Patramani, Gianna; Fountas, Kostas N. (2009). "Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: review of the demographics, pathophysiology, current diagnosis, and treatment". Neurosurgical Focus. 27 (5): E3. doi:10.3171/2009.8.FOCUS09167. ISSN 1092-0684.