Pyonephrosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Harsh Vardhan Chawla, M.B.B.S.[2]

Causes

• Pyonephrosis is commonly caused by bacteria as well as fungi like, Enterococcus spp., K. pneumoniae, Candida spp., S. aureus, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa and Group B Streptococcus.
• Accumulation of pus as a result of an ongoing upper urinary tract infection (acute pyelonephritis) combined with inability to drain due to obstruction of the renal collecting system results in pyonephrosis.
• The risk factors associated with pyonephrosis include:
• Immunosuppression e.g., diabetes mellitus, AIDS, renal failure, renal transplantation.
• Local factors that compromise the genitourinary tract, like nephrolithiasis, congenital obstructing lesions, neurogenic bladder, pregnancy, long-term indwelling catheters, genitourinary procedures.