Gangrene pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

Overview

The three main types of gangrene occur in different mechanisms. Dry gangrene involves a reduction in the perfusion of the arteries results in the compensatory dilation of the arterioles, which eventually results in distal edema, and damage of the endothelial tissue. In wet gangrene, saprogenic microorganisms (Bacillus fusiformis, or Clostridium perfringens) infect the tissues, thereby causing an emission of a foul odor and edema. Multiplication of exotoxins from Clostridium perfringens and group A steptococcus is responsible for the local tissue destruction and systemic infection in gas gangrene.