Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; AE Dheeraj Makkar, M.D.[2]
Overview
Encephalitis has an annual incidence of 2-3 per 100,000, with 40% being infectious, 40% of unknown cause, and 20% immune-mediated. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and VGK Complex antibody-positive encephalitis are major immune-mediated categories. It is more common in women and younger patients.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Encephalitis due to any cause has a yearly incidence of 2–3 per 100,000 in northern Europe, which is half the incidence of multiple sclerosis (4–8 per 100,000 annually).
- While 40% of cases are infectious and 40% are attributable to unknown causes, at least 20% are immune-mediated, with anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis (4%) and VGK Complex antibody-positive encephalitis (3%) constituting the major categories.
- The condition is more prevalent among women (81%) and younger patients (37% 18 years, 95% 45 years); however, in the age categories younger than 12 years and older than 45 years, the disease is more prevalent among men nearly half of patients are male.
References
[1] [2] Template:WH Template:WS
- ↑ Irani SR, Vincent A (2011). "NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis". Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 11 (3): 298–304. doi:10.1007/s11910-011-0186-y. PMID 21331529.
- ↑ Hacohen Y, Absoud M, Hemingway C, Jacobson L, Lin JP, Pike M; et al. (2014). "NMDA receptor antibodies associated with distinct white matter syndromes". Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 1 (1): e2. doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000002. PMC 4202680. PMID 25340058.