Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis CT
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Differentiating Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis from Other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
CT imaging has limited diagnostic utility in anti-NMDA encephalitis, but it can help exclude other conditions, identify associated tumors, and detect complications. MRI is the preferred imaging modality for this condition.
Key CT Findings in Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
CT (computed tomography) imaging plays a limited role in the diagnosis of anti-NMDA encephalitis. In the early stages of the disease, CT scans of the brain are often normal or show nonspecific findings. However, CT may be useful in certain situations:
- 1. Exclude other conditions: CT can help rule out structural abnormalities, such as tumors or intracranial hemorrhage, that may present with similar symptoms to anti-NMDA encephalitis.
- 2. Identify associated tumors: If an ovarian teratoma or other tumor is suspected as the underlying cause of anti-NMDA encephalitis, CT can help visualize the presence and characteristics of the tumor.
- 3. Detect complications: In some cases, complications such as cerebral edema or hydrocephalus may develop during the disease. CT can help identify these complications and guide further management.
- CT imaging has limited sensitivity and specificity in detecting the specific features of anti-NMDA encephalitis. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is considered the imaging modality of choice for evaluating patients suspected of having this condition, as it can reveal characteristic findings such as medial temporal lobe abnormalities.
Examples of CT Findings in Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
References
- ↑ Greiner H, Leach JL, Lee KH, Krueger DA (2011). "Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting with imaging findings and clinical features mimicking Rasmussen syndrome". Seizure. 20 (3): 266–70. doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2010.11.013. PMID 21146427.