DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parth Vikram Singh, MBBS[2]
Disclaimer
WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug pages is based upon the FDA package insert, National Library of Medicine content and practice guidelines / consensus statements. WikiDoc does not promote the administration of any medication or device that is not consistent with its labeling. Please read our full disclaimer here.
Black Box Warning
|
DISTANT SPREAD OF TOXIN EFFECT
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
The effects of DAXXIFY and all botulinum toxin products may spread from the area of injection to produce symptoms consistent with botulinum toxin effects. These symptoms have been reported hours to weeks after injection. Swallowing and breathing difficulties can be life-threatening, and there have been reports of death. The risk of symptoms is probably greatest in children treated for spasticity, an unapproved use for DAXXIFY, but symptoms can also occur in adults, particularly in those patients who have an underlying condition that would predispose them to these symptoms.
|
Overview
DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm is an acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular-blocking agent that is FDA approved for the treatment of cervical dystonia in adult patients and Temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines associated with corrugator and/or procerus muscle activity in adult patients. There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include Glabellar Lines (≥1%): headache (6%), eyelid ptosis (2%), and facial paresis (1%), Cervical Dystonia (≥5%): headache (9%), injection site pain (8%), injection site erythema (5%), muscular weakness (5%), and upper respiratory tract infection (5%).
Adult Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)
DAXXIFY is an acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular-blocking agent indicated for:
- Temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines associated with corrugator and/ or procerus muscle activity in adult patients.
- The treatment of cervical dystonia in adult patients.
====Glabellar Lines====: The recommended dose is 0.1 mL (8 Units) by intramuscular injection into each of five sites, for a total dose of 40 Units.
====Cervical Dystonia====: The recommended dose is 125 Units to 250 Units given intramuscularly as a divided dose among affected muscles.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)
Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in adult patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in adult patients.
Pediatric Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)
There is limited information regarding DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric) in the drug label.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)
Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in pediatric patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in pediatric patients.
Contraindications
DAXXIFY is contraindicated in:
- patients with known hypersensitivity to any botulinum toxin preparation, DAXXIFY, or any of the components in the DAXXIFY formulation.
- the presence of infection at the proposed injection sites.
Warnings
|
DISTANT SPREAD OF TOXIN EFFECT
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
The effects of DAXXIFY and all botulinum toxin products may spread from the area of injection to produce symptoms consistent with botulinum toxin effects. These symptoms have been reported hours to weeks after injection. Swallowing and breathing difficulties can be life-threatening, and there have been reports of death. The risk of symptoms is probably greatest in children treated for spasticity, an unapproved use for DAXXIFY, but symptoms can also occur in adults, particularly in those patients who have an underlying condition that would predispose them to these symptoms.
|
Spread of Toxin Effect
Postmarketing safety data from other approved botulinum toxins suggest that botulinum toxin effects may be observed beyond the site of local injection. The symptoms are consistent with the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin and may include asthenia, generalized muscle weakness, diplopia, blurred vision, ptosis, dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria, urinary incontinence, and breathing difficulties. These symptoms have been reported hours to weeks after injection. Swallowing and breathing difficulties can be life-threatening, and there have been reports of death related to the spread of toxin effects. The risk of symptoms is greatest in children treated for spasticity, an unapproved use for DAXXIFY, but symptoms can occur in adults treated for spasticity and other conditions, and particularly in those patients who have underlying conditions that would predispose them to these symptoms. In unapproved uses, including upper limb spasticity in children, and approved indications, symptoms consistent with spread of toxin effect have been reported at doses comparable to, or lower than, the maximum recommended total dose. Patients or caregivers should be advised to seek immediate medical care if swallowing, speech, or respiratory difficulties occur.
Lack of Interchangeability between Botulinum Toxin Products
The potency units of DAXXIFY are specific to the preparation and assay method utilized. They are not interchangeable with other preparations of botulinum toxin products; therefore, units of biological activity of DAXXIFY cannot be compared to or converted to units of any other botulinum toxin products assessed with any other specific assay method.
Serious Adverse Reactions with Unapproved Use
Serious adverse reactions, including excessive weakness, dysphagia, and aspiration pneumonia, with some adverse reactions associated with fatal outcomes, have been reported in patients who received botulinum toxin injections for unapproved uses. In these cases, the adverse reactions may have resulted from the administration of botulinum toxin products to the site of injection and/or adjacent structures. In some cases, patients had pre-existing dysphagia or other significant disabilities. There is insufficient information to identify factors associated with an increased risk for adverse reactions associated with the unapproved uses of botulinum toxin products.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Serious and/or immediate hypersensitivity reactions have been reported for botulinum toxin products. These reactions include anaphylaxis, serum sickness, urticaria, soft tissue edema, and dyspnea. If such a reaction occurs, discontinue further injection of DAXXIFY and immediately institute appropriate medical therapy. The use of DAXXIFY in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any botulinum toxin preparation, DAXXIFY, or any of its formulation components could lead to a life-threatening allergic reaction.
Cardiovascular System Adverse Reactions
There have been reports following administration of botulinum toxins of adverse events involving the cardiovascular system, including arrhythmia and myocardial infarction, some with fatal outcomes. Some of these patients had risk factors, including pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Use caution when administering to patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.
Increased Neuromuscular Compromise in Patients with Pre-Existing Neuromuscular Disorders
Monitor patients with peripheral motor neuropathic diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or neuromuscular junctional disorders (e.g., myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton syndrome) for increased neuromuscular compromise following botulinum toxin treatment. Patients with neuromuscular disorders may be at increased risk of clinically significant effects, including generalized muscle weakness, diplopia, ptosis, dysphonia, dysarthria, severe dysphagia, and respiratory compromise from typical doses of DAXXIFY.
Dysphagia and Breathing Difficulties
- Treatment with botulinum toxin products, including DAXXIFY, can result in swallowing or breathing difficulties. These reactions can occur within hours to weeks after injection with botulinum toxin. Patients with pre-existing swallowing or breathing difficulties may be more susceptible to these complications. In most cases, this is a consequence of weakening of muscles in the area of injection that are involved in breathing or swallowing. When distant effects occur, additional respiratory mechanisms may be involved.
- Deaths as a complication of severe dysphagia have been reported after treatment with botulinum toxin products. Dysphagia may persist for several months. Aspiration may result from severe dysphagia and is a particular risk when treating patients in whom swallowing or respiratory function is already compromised. Treatment with botulinum toxins, including DAXXIFY, may weaken neck muscles that serve as accessory muscles of ventilation. This may result in a critical loss of breathing capacity in patients with respiratory disorders who may have become dependent upon these accessory muscles. There have been postmarketing reports from other botulinum toxin products of serious breathing difficulties, including respiratory failure.
- Patients treated with botulinum toxin may require immediate medical attention should they develop problems with swallowing, speech, or respiratory disorders.
Facial Anatomy in the Treatment of Glabellar Lines
Use caution when administering DAXXIFY to patients with surgical alterations to the facial anatomy, marked facial asymmetry, excessive dermatochalasis, deep dermal scarring, thick sebaceous skin, inflammation at the injection site(s), pre-existing eyelid or eyebrow ptosis, when excessive weakness or atrophy is present in the target muscles, or the inability to substantially lessen glabellar lines even by physically spreading them apart.
Ophthalmic Adverse Reactions in Patients Treated for Glabellar Lines
- Dry eye has been reported with the use of botulinum toxin products in the treatment of glabellar lines. Reduced tear production, reduced blinking, and corneal disorders may occur with use of botulinum toxins, including DAXXIFY. If symptoms of dry eye (e.g., eye irritation, photophobia, or visual changes) persist, consider referring patient to an ophthalmologist.
Adverse Reactions
Clinical Trials Experience
- The following clinically significant adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:
- Spread of Toxin Effect.
- Hypersensitivity Reactions.
- Cardiovascular System Adverse Reactions.
- Increased Neuromuscular Compromise in Patients with Pre-Existing Neuromuscular Disorders.
- Dysphagia and Breathing Difficulties.
- Ophthalmic Adverse Reactions in Patients Treated for Glabellar Lines.
- Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The most common side effects from treatment with DAXXIFY usually occur within one to two weeks after injection and, while generally transient, may have a duration of several weeks or months.
Glabellar Lines
- In the two randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 clinical trials that assess the use of DAXXIFY for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines, GL-1 and GL-2, 406 subjects received a single-dose treatment of 40 Units DAXXIFY, and 203 subjects received placebo.
The most frequent adverse reactions are presented in Table 3.
- Injection site reactions were reported in 6% of subjects treated with DAXXIFY and in 6% of subjects treated with placebo (these reactions included injection site pain, injection site erythema, injection site oedema, injection site bruising, injection site hematoma, injection site papule, and injection site pruritus).
- In an 84-week, open-label, repeat-dose safety study in glabellar lines, 2691 subjects were treated with 40 Units of DAXXIFY. Of these, 2380 subjects received one treatment with DAXXIFY, 882 received two treatments with DAXXIFY, and 568 subjects received three treatments with DAXXIFY. Adverse reactions were reported in 535 of the 2691 subjects (20%). The adverse reaction profile was similar to that reported in single-dose trials.
- Injection site reactions were the most common adverse reactions, reported in 9% of subjects [including injection site pain (4%), injection site erythema (3%), injection site oedema (3%), injection site bruising (1%), injection site papule (<1%), and injection site pruritus (<1%)], followed by headache (5%), edema (2%), erythema (2%), and eyelid ptosis in 1% of subjects. The incidence of these adverse reactions did not increase with multiple re- treatments.
Cervical Dystonia
- In the randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 clinical trial to assess the use of DAXXIFY for the treatment of cervical dystonia, 255 patients received a dose of DAXXIFY (n=125 for 125 Units and n=130 for 250 Units), and 46 patients received placebo. Table 4 lists adverse reactions that occurred in ≥2% of patients treated with DAXXIFY and more frequently than placebo.
- In a 52-week, open-label, repeat-dose safety study in cervical dystonia, 357 subjects (271 from the randomized trial, 86 newly enrolled) received up to 4 treatments with DAXXIFY. Of these, 28 subjects received one treatment with DAXXIFY, 95 subjects received two treatments, 169 received three treatments, and 65 received four treatments with DAXXIFY.
- Adverse reactions were reported in 138 patients (20%).
Postmarketing Experience
There is limited information regarding DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm Postmarketing Experience in the drug label.
Drug Interactions
No formal drug interaction studies have been conducted with DAXXIFY.
However, the potential for certain drugs to potentiate the effects of DAXXIFY warrants consideration given the potential risks involved and should be used with caution.
- Aminoglycosides or other agents interfering with neuromuscular transmission
- Anticholinergic drugs
- Botulinum neurotoxin products
- Muscle relaxants.
Use in Specific Populations
Pregnancy
Risk Summary
- There are no available data on DAXXIFY use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, intramuscular administration of DAXXIFY during pregnancy resulted in adverse effects on fetal growth (decreased fetal body weight and skeletal ossification) at maternally toxic doses approximately equivalent to 40 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) (see Data).
- The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriages in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
Data
- Animal Data
- Embryofetal development studies were conducted in rats and rabbits with DAXXIFY. For comparison of animal to human doses based on a body weight comparison, the MRHD is set at 40 Units/subject (0.67 Units/kg for an average 60 kg subject).
- Intramuscular administration of DAXXIFY (3, 10, or 30 Units/kg) to pregnant rats four times during the period of organogenesis (on gestation days 7, 10, 13, and 16) caused decreased fetal body weight and decreased fetal skeletal ossification at the highest dose, which was associated with maternal toxicity. No embryofetal developmental toxicity was noted at doses up to 10 Units/kg, which is 15 times the MRHD.
- Intramuscular administration of DAXXIFY (0.02, 0.1, 0.48, or 2.4 Units/kg/day) to pregnant rabbits during the period of organogenesis (total of 13 doses) resulted in maternal lethality at 2.4 Units/kg/day and significant decreased maternal body weight at 0.48 Units/kg/day. No embryofetal developmental toxicity was noted at doses up to 0.48 Units/kg/day, which is approximately equivalent to the MRHD.
Pregnancy Category (AUS):
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in women who are pregnant.
Labor and Delivery
There is no FDA guidance on use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm during labor and delivery.
Nursing Mothers
Risk Summary
- There are no data on the presence of DAXXIFY in human or animal milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered, along with the mother's clinical need for DAXXIFY and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from DAXXIFY or from the underlying maternal condition.
Pediatric Use
Safety and effectiveness of DAXXIFY in patients less than 18 years of age have not been established.
Geriatic Use
Glabellar Lines
- Among the 406 subjects treated with DAXXIFY in the placebo-controlled clinical trials, 36 subjects were 65 years or older. There was no increase in the incidence of treatment-related adverse events in patients over 65 years treated with DAXXIFY. Clinical studies of DAXXIFY did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and older to determine whether they responded differently from younger subjects.
Cervical Dystonia
- Among the 255 patients treated with DAXXIFY in the placebo-controlled clinical trial, 83 patients were 65 years or older. There was no increase in the incidence of treatment-related adverse events in patients over 65 years treated with DAXXIFY. Clinical studies of DAXXIFY did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and older to determine whether they responded differently from younger patients.
Gender
There is no FDA guidance on the use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm with respect to specific gender populations.
Race
There is no FDA guidance on the use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm with respect to specific racial populations.
Renal Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in patients with renal impairment.
Hepatic Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in patients with hepatic impairment.
Females of Reproductive Potential and Males
There is no FDA guidance on the use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in women of reproductive potentials and males.
Immunocompromised Patients
There is no FDA guidance one the use of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm in patients who are immunocompromised.
Immunogenicity
The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, including those of DAXXIFY.
Glabellar Lines
- In the 2786 subjects receiving up to 3 treatments throughout 120 weeks with DAXXIFY in the Phase 3 studies, the incidence of anti-DAXXIFY antibody formation was 0.8% to daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm and 1.2% to RTP004, the 35 amino acid peptide excipient. No subjects developed neutralizing antibodies to DAXXIFY.
Cervical Dystonia
- In the 382 subjects receiving up to 5 treatments throughout 88 weeks with DAXXIFY in the Phase 3 studies, the incidence of anti-DAXXIFY antibody formation was 1.8% to daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm and 2.4% to RTP004, the 35 amino acid peptide excipient. Two patients who had been previously treated with botulinum toxin tested positive for neutralizing antibodies.
- Because of the low occurrence of anti-drug antibodies, the effect of these antibodies on the PK, PD, safety, and/or effectiveness of DAXXIFY products is unknown.
Administration and Monitoring
Administration
Important Administration Instructions
The potency units of DAXXIFY for injection are specific to the preparation and test method utilized. They are not interchangeable with other preparations of botulinum toxin products, and, therefore, units of biological activity of DAXXIFY cannot be compared to, or converted into, units of any other botulinum toxin products assessed with any other specific test method. The safe and effective use of DAXXIFY depends upon proper storage of the product, selection of the correct dose, and proper reconstitution and administration techniques. DAXXIFY should be administered no more frequently than every three months for any indication. Consideration of the cumulative dose is necessary when treating adult patients with DAXXIFY. Physicians should be aware of whether patients are receiving treatment with other botulinum toxin products for other indications. Reconstituted DAXXIFY is intended for intramuscular injection only. After reconstitution, only use each DAXXIFY vial for only one injection session and for only one patient. Discard any remaining solution in vial immediately after administration. Reconstitution instructions are provided specifically for the 50 Unit and the 100 Unit vials (Table 1; Table 2).
Recommended Dosage and Administration for Glabellar Lines
- Recommended Dosage for Glabellar Lines
The total recommended dose is 40 Units per treatment session divided into five equal intramuscular injections of 8 Units each (two injections in each corrugator muscle and one injection in the procerus muscle).
- Administration for Glabellar Lines
Glabellar lines arise from the contraction of the corrugator and procerus muscles. These can be identified by palpation of the glabellar muscle mass while having the patient frown maximally. Contraction of the corrugator muscles compresses the skin, creating a vertical line or lines surrounded by ridges of tensed muscle. Because the exact location, size, and activity of the muscles can vary markedly among individuals, physicians administering DAXXIFY must understand the relevant anatomy of the area involved and any alterations to the anatomy due to prior surgical procedures and diseases. After assessment, the location of the corrugator muscle injection sites may need to be adjusted based on individual facial anatomy and the pattern of muscle contraction. The upper eyelid margin position should be carefully examined for separation or weakness of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Evaluate the range of upper eyelid excursion while manually immobilizing the frontalis to assess degree of levator function and frontalis compensation. In order to reduce the complication of ptosis, the following steps should be taken: • Avoid injection near the levator palpebrae superioris, particularly in patients with larger brow depressor complexes. • Ensure the injected volume/dose is accurate and administer in a steady, controlled manner. • Do not inject DAXXIFY less than 1 centimeter above the superior orbital rim. To inject DAXXIFY, clean the exposed portion of the stopper with an alcohol swab and aseptically withdraw at least 0.5 mL of the reconstituted solution from the vial into a sterile syringe. Replace the needle used to withdraw the product with a 30- to 33-gauge sterile needle for injection. Expel any air bubbles prior to administration. Advance the needle through the skin into the underlying muscle while applying finger pressure on the superior medial orbital rim. • Inject a dose of 8 Units (0.1 mL) into each of the 5 injection sites: 2 injections into medial corrugator and lateral corrugator muscles respectively, and 1 injection in the procerus muscle (Figure 1).
Recommended Dosage for Cervical Dystonia
The recommended dose of DAXXIFY for the treatment of cervical dystonia ranges from 125 Units to 250 Units given intramuscularly as a divided dose among affected muscles. In patients previously treated with another botulinum toxin, their past dose, response to treatment, duration of effect, and adverse event history should be taken into consideration when determining the initial DAXXIFY dose. A description of the average DAXXIFY dose and percentage of total dose injected into specific muscles in the pivotal clinical trials can be found in Section 14. Limiting the dose injected into the sternocleidomastoid muscle may reduce the occurrence of dysphagia. Dose Modification in Cervical Dystonia When dose modification is necessary, dose adjustment can be made in 50 to75 Unit increments according to the individual patient's response. The total dose administered in a single treatment is recommended to be between 125 Units and 250 Units.
Preparation and Dilution Technique
DAXXIFY is supplied in single-dose 50 Unit and 100 Unit vials. Prior to intramuscular injection, reconstitute each vial of DAXXIFY with the required amount of sterile, preservative-free 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP to obtain a reconstituted solution at the appropriate concentration described in Tables 1 and 2.
Slowly inject the diluent into the vial. Discard the vial if a vacuum does not pull the diluent into the vial. Dispose of any unused diluent. Gently mix DAXXIFY with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP by rotating the vial. Reconstituted DAXXIFY solution is clear to slightly opalescent and colorless and free of particulate matter. Inspect visually the reconstituted DAXXIFY for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Do not use if the solution is cloudy or discolored or contains flakes or particles. Administer DAXXIFY within 72 hours after reconstitution. During this time period, store unused reconstituted DAXXIFY in a refrigerator between 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) and protected from light. Do not freeze reconstituted DAXXIFY. Dispose of any unused DAXXIFY.
Monitoring
Monitor patients with peripheral motor neuropathic diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or neuromuscular junctional disorders (e.g., myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton syndrome) for increased neuromuscular compromise following botulinum toxin treatment. Patients with neuromuscular disorders may be at increased risk of clinically significant effects, including generalized muscle weakness, diplopia, ptosis, dysphonia, dysarthria, severe dysphagia, and respiratory compromise from typical doses of DAXXIFY.
IV Compatibility
There is limited information regarding the compatibility of DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm and IV administrations.
Overdosage
- Excessive doses of DAXXIFY may be expected to produce neuromuscular weakness with a variety of symptoms. Respiratory support may be required where excessive doses cause paralysis of the respiratory muscles. In the event of overdose, the patient should be medically monitored for symptoms or excessive muscle weakness or muscle paralysis. Symptomatic treatment may be necessary.
- Symptoms of overdose are not likely to be present immediately following injection. Should accidental injection or oral ingestion occur, the person should be medically supervised for several weeks for signs and symptoms of excessive muscle weakness or paralysis.
- In the event of overdose, antitoxin raised against botulinum toxin is available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, GA. However, the antitoxin will not reverse any botulinum toxin-induced effects already apparent by the time of antitoxin administration. In the event of suspected or actual cases of botulinum toxin poisoning, please contact your local or state Health Department to process a request for antitoxin through the CDC. If you do not receive a response within 30 minutes, please contact the CDC directly at 1-770-488-7100.
Pharmacology
There is limited information regarding DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm Pharmacology in the drug label.
Mechanism of Action
DAXXIFY blocks neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine. This inhibition occurs as the neurotoxin cleaves SNAP-25, a protein necessary for the successful docking and release of acetylcholine vesicles within nerve endings. Recovery of neurotransmission occurs gradually as the neuromuscular junction recovers from SNAP-25 cleavage and as new nerve endings are formed.
Structure
DaxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm is an acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular blocking agent. DaxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm is a 150 kDa botulinum toxin without accessory proteins purified from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum type A.
DAXXIFY ( daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm ) for injection is supplied as a sterile, preservative-free, white to off- white lyophilized powder in a single-dose vial for intramuscular use after reconstitution. DAXXIFY is formulated with a 35 amino acid peptide excipient ( RTP004 ) that prevents surface adsorption and promotes thermal stability of DAXXIFY. Each vial contains 50 Units or 100 Units of daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm, L- histidine ( 0.14 mg ) , L-histidine HCl monohydrate ( 0.65 mg ) , polysorbate 20 ( 0.1 mg ) , RTP004 peptide ( 11.7 mcg ) , and trehalose dihydrate ( 36 mg ) .
Pharmacodynamics
No formal pharmacodynamics studies have been conducted with DAXXIFY.
Pharmacokinetics
Using currently available analytical technology, it is not possible to detect DAXXIFY in the peripheral blood following intramuscular injection at the recommended dose.
Nonclinical Toxicology
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
- Long-term studies in animals have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of DAXXIFY.
- Genotoxicity studies have not been conducted for DAXXIFY.
- In fertility and early embryonic development studies in rats, intramuscular administration of 3, 10, or 20 Units/kg in males and 3, 10, or 30 Units/kg in females to either male or female rats, respectively, prior to mating and during mating (7 doses, 1 week apart for males; and 4 doses, 1 week apart for females) to untreated animals, caused reduced fertility at doses associated with paternal or maternal toxicity as indicated by reductions in body weight gain and food intake. No effects on fertility were noted at 3 Units/kg in males or at 10 Units/kg in females, which are approximately 4 and 15 times, respectively, the MRHD.
Clinical Studies
Glabellar Lines
- Two randomized, double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled clinical trials, Studies GL-1 and GL-2, were conducted to evaluate DAXXIFY for use in the temporary improvement of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines in adults. The 2 trials enrolled a total of 609 subjects (≥18 years old) with glabellar lines of at least moderate severity at maximum frown. A total of 405 subjects were randomized and 406 were treated with 40 Units of DAXXIFY and 204 subjects were randomized and 203 were treated with an equal volume of placebo. Subjects were excluded if they had eyelid ptosis, deep dermal scarring, excessive dermatochalasis, or an inability to lessen glabellar lines by physically spreading them apart. Enrolled subjects were 21 to 75 years old (with a mean age of 50 years), and predominantly female (87%) and Caucasian (86%). The total dose was delivered in 5 equally divided intramuscular injections of 8 Units each to specific sites in the glabella (Figure 1). Subjects were followed for at least 24 weeks after treatment.
- Efficacy was determined through the assessment by investigators and subjects of frown wrinkle severity at maximum frown using a 4-point scale (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe). The primary efficacy endpoint (treatment success) was defined as achieving a score of 0 or 1 (none or mild) and an improvement of at least 2 points from baseline for both the investigator's and subject's assessments at Week 4. The percentages of subjects with treatment success at Week 4 are presented in Table 5.
Figure 2 shows the proportion of subjects, over 36 weeks, rated as 0 or 1 (none or mild) by the investigator, 0 or 1 by the subject, and 0 or 1 with at least a 2-point improvement from their baseline based on both the investigator and subject ratings. Subjects were followed through at least Week 24 and then were discontinued from the study when both the investigator and subject scores returned to baseline. Subjects who returned to baseline levels prior to Week 36 were counted as non-responders following study discontinuation.
FIGURE 2: Proportion of subjects rated as 0 or 1 (none or mild) by investigator, 0 or 1 by the subject, and 0 or 1 with at least 2-point improvement from their baseline (based on both the investigator and subject ratings) in Study GL-1 and Study GL-2. Treatment success is defined as a score of 0 or 1 (none or mild) and ≥ 2-grade improvement from baseline on both the investigator and subject assessment.
Cervical Dystonia
The efficacy of DAXXIFY was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial in a total of 301 patients (NCT03608397). The mean age of patients was 58 years, 65% were women, and 96% were White. At study baseline, 84% of patients had previously received a botulinum toxin as treatment for cervical dystonia. Patients had a clinical diagnosis of cervical dystonia with baseline Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) total score ≥ 20, TWSTRS severity score ≥15, TWSTRS disability score ≥3, and TWSTRS pain score ≥1. For patients who had previously received a botulinum toxin treatment for cervical dystonia, the trial required that ≥14 weeks had passed since the most recent botulinum toxin administration. Patients were randomized (3:3:1) to receive a single administration of 2.5 mL of either DAXXIFY 125 Units (n = 125), DAXXIFY 250 Units (n = 130), or placebo (n = 46), divided amongst the affected muscles as selected by the investigator. Table 6 indicates the treated muscles, along with the number of patients treated and DAXXIFY units.
The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean change in the TWSTRS total score from baseline averaged over weeks 4 and 6. TWSTRS evaluates the severity of dystonia, patient-perceived disability from dystonia, and pain, with a range of possible scores from 0 to 85. The mean change from baseline in the total TWSTRS score was significantly greater for both dosage groups of DAXXIFY than for placebo (Table 7).
A similar pattern of significant improvement versus placebo was observed in the clinician global impression of change (CGIC) and patient global impression of change (PGIC) scales.
How Supplied
DAXXIFY (daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm) for injection is a sterile lyophilized powder supplied in a single-dose vial in the following sizes:
Carton containing one 50 Units/Vial NDC 72960-111-01 Carton containing one 100 Units/Vial NDC 72960-112-01
Storage
Unopened DAXXIFY vials should be stored at room temperature 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) or refrigerated at 2°C to 8° C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton to protect from light.
Images
Drug Images
{{#ask: Page Name::DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}
Package and Label Display Panel
{{#ask: Label Page::DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}
Patient Counseling Information
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide).
Swallowing, Speaking, or Breathing Difficulties, or other Unusual Symptoms
- Advise patients or caregivers to seek immediate medical care if swallowing, speech, or respiratory disorders arise or existing symptoms worsen.
Ability to Operate Machinery or Vehicles
- Advise patients if they develop any unusual symptoms such as loss of strength, muscle weakness, blurred vision, or drooping eyelids, they should avoid driving a car or engaging in other potentially hazardous activities.
Ophthalmic Adverse Reactions
- Inform patients that DAXXIFY injection may cause eye dryness. Advise patients to report symptoms of eye dryness (e.g., eye pain, eye irritation, photosensitivity, or changes in vision) to their doctor.
Precautions with Alcohol
Alcohol-DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
Brand Names
DAXXIFY
Look-Alike Drug Names
There is limited information regarding DaxibotulinumtoixnA-lanm Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.
Drug Shortage Status
Price
References
The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.