Anorexia (symptom)
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch. Anorexia (deriving from the Greek "α(ν)-" (a(n)-, a prefix that denotes absence) + "όρεξη (orexe) = appetite) is the decreased sensation of appetite. While the term in non-scientific publications is often used interchangeably with anorexia nervosa, many possible causes exist for a decreased appetite, some of which may be harmless, while others indicate a serious clinical condition, or pose a significant risk.
Causes
Harmless
- Satiation following the consumption of food. This is normal and is called postprandial anorexia.
Clinically important
- Acute Radiation Syndrome.
- AIDS.
- acute appendicitis where it accompanies the presenting symptom of abdominal pain, often with vomiting.
- Cancer.
- Chronic renal failure.
- Congestive heart failure, perhaps due to congestion of the liver with venous blood.
- Crohn's Disease.
- dementia.
- Severe depression.
- Sickness behavior[1][2]
- Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome.
- Ulcerative Colitis.
Drugs
- amphetamine (Adderall), dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine & Dextrostat)).
- Antidepressants can have anorexia as a side effect.
- dextromethylphenidate (Focalin).
- Abrupt cessation of appetite-increasing drugs, such as marijuana.
- dextromethamphetamine (Desoxyn) (treatment of ADD & ADHD and narcolepsy).
- methylphenidate (Ritalin & Concerta).
- Chemicals that are members of the phenethylamine group. (Individuals with anorexia nervosa may seek them to suppress appetite).
- opioid painkillers such as cocaine and diacetylmorphine.
- stimulants.
Other
- Altitude when it can also accompany sickness.
- Preoperative anorexia drugs may be prescribed as a prophylactic to ensure no food will back up into the esophagus which might risk pulmonary aspiration.
References
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