CRH
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Overview
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), originally named corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), and also called corticoliberin, is a polypeptide hormone and neurotransmitter involved in the stress response.
Hormonal actions
CRH is produced by neuroendocrine cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and is released from neurosecretory terminals of these neurons into the primary capillary plexus of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system. The portal system carries the CRH to the anterior lobe of the pituitary, where it stimulates corticotropes to secrete corticotropin (ACTH) and other biologically active substances (for example β-endorphin).
ά-helical CRH-(9--41) acts as a CRH antagonist[1].
Role in parturition
CRH is also synthesized by the placenta and seems to determine the duration of pregnancy[2].
Structure
The 41-amino acid sequence of CRH was first discovered in sheep by Vale et al in 1981[3]. Its full sequence is
SQEPPISLDLTFHLLREVLEMTKADQLAQQAHSNRKLLDIA
See also
References
- ↑ Santos, Javier, Paul R. Saunders, Nico P. M. Hanssen, Ping-Chang Yang, Derrick Yates, Jack A. Groot, and Mary H. Perdue. Corticotropin-releasing hormone mimics stress-induced colonic epithelial pathophysiology in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G391-G399, 1999
- ↑ http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/H/Hypothalamus.html#CRH
- ↑ Vale,W., Spiess,J., Rivier,C. and Rivier,J. Characterization of a 41-residue ovine hypothalamic peptide that stimulates secretion of corticotropin and beta-endorphin Science 213 (4514), 1394-1397 (1981)
Acknowledgements
The content on this page was first contributed by: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.
Initial content for this page in some instances came from Wikipedia
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cs:Kortikoliberin de:Corticotropin Releasing Hormone it:Ormone di liberazione della corticotropina mk:Адренокортикотропен ослободувачки хормон sl:Kortikoliberin