Health and social care
In the UK, Health and Social Care is a semi-vocational, semi-academic subject which can be taken as a GNVQ, A-Level, NVQ, or a range of other qualifications.
As a subject discipline, Health and Social Care (H&SC) combines elements of sociology, biology, nutrition, law, and ethics. Typically, students of Health and Social Care will have a work placement alongside their academic studies; such a placement may take place in a nursery, residential home, hospital, or other caring establishment.
Students may go on to become doctors, nurses, care assistants, social workers, physiotherapists, counsellors, psychotherapists, Paramedics or a range of other related occupations.
H&SC is generally studied in colleges at Key Stage 5 (age 16+), but it can also be studied in some schools at Key Stage 4 (GCSE) if the student picks it as a subject.
‘Care values’ are the beliefs about the right ways to treat patient or clients. When all the values are put together, they make up the care value base.
As being a care worker, it is always necessary to respect the care value base. There are 7 different care values which are listed and explained below the chart:
• Promoting anti-discrimination
• Providing individual rights
• Providing individualized care
• Protecting people from the abuse
• Being able to communicate and build relationships
• Acknowledging personal beliefs
• Maintaining confidentiality
PROMOTING ANTI-DISCRIMINATION
Meaning Expectation:
Promoting anti-discrimination is when you make people aware of
Being against discrimination.
As a care worker, you should always believe in not letting anyone discriminated.
You should challenge the people who discriminates other people without any reasons.
Here’s an example of promoting anti- discrimination: When you see someone discriminating other, you should say ‘NO’. 1. It help reduce crime
2. helps to build better relationship 3. Helps to encourage your clients from being discriminated.
PROVIDING INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS.
Meaning: Expectation: Providing is giving something, Individual means personal and right means the things you are entitle to do as a person.
So, this means giving people their rights separately depending on their beliefs and lifestyle. As a care worker, you should provide their rights with their personal needs and not treating them the same as others. Everyone has their rights to feel safe and secure when they are receiving care
Here’s an example of providing individual rights: If your client is a vegetarian, you can’t provide vegetarian foods to all of your clients. You should provide their foods individually by asking what they want. Benefits: 1. Helps people to be valued and be respected.
2. Helps to know client’s beliefs and their choices.
Providing individualized care
Meaning: Expectation:
Providing individual with what they need Benefits:
Protecting people from the abuse
Meaning: Expectation:
This means protecting people from getting harm. Abuse may be physical, sexual, emotional, verbal, or a combination of any or all of those. The client expect the care worker to stop any one assaulting them or interfering with them without their concern Here’s an example of protecting people from the abuse: When someone try to interfere with another person’s body without any concern. As a care worker, you need to stop people from doing so. Benefits: 1.Attention is giving to them 2.It makes good relationship 3. Makes them feel safe and secure.
Being able to communicate & build relationships
Meaning: Expectation:
Communication means exchanging the information, while relationship is interacting with people. This means you communicate with your client to build the relationship.
As a care worker, you should always support or ask your clients about their needs. Your clients may be also expecting to share their feelings with you. Here’s an example of this: If your client is feeling lonely and uncomfortable in the youth club, make sure you communicate with them in a friendly way. So, it helps you to build a better relationship with them. Benefits: 1. Good relationship with each other. 2. Be able to share their feelings with you. 3. You meet their needs
Acknowledging personal beliefs
Meaning: Expectation:
Acknowledging is making yourself aware of something while personal means something important to you as a person.
And acknowledging personal belief means being aware of people’s needs and their beliefs. Your client may be expecting from you to be aware of their beliefs or lifestyle. So it is necessary to know their beliefs as well as their every basic need.
Here’s an example of acknowledging personal beliefs: If your clients come from different culture or religion, you should allow them to follow their beliefs and not enforcing your own beliefs. Benefits: 1. Make you aware of people’s needs. 2. You learn more about their beliefs. 3. And build better relationship with client.
Subject content
The subject content of H&SC is vast, and will vary depending upon the level at which it is being studied, and the individual qualification. Most students of H&SC will cover areas such as:
Biology
The biological aspect of H&SC is vital: with many carers it will form the most important area of their knowledge. Students need to be aware of how people grow and develop physically, and they may also be required to study a range of illnesses and treatments.
This may include the study of public health, and public health campaigns; for example, the effects of smoking, poor diet, and lack of exercise, to name a few.
Nutrition
Nutrition may form an integral part of some H&SC courses, especially in situations where carers will be primarily responsible for creating and implementing diets for care service users. This area of study will usually also include specialist diets for diabetics, Muslims, vegetarians, lactose-intolerant and other unusual diets.
Law and social policy
Students need a good grounding in the legal aspects of what is required of care practitioners, and will need to have up-to-date knowledge of developments in social policy, as well as knowledge of the various laws regarding rights, discrimination, abuse, welfare, and so on.
Ethics
Ethics is one of the most important areas of H&SC: it is not enough that care professionals know how to treat illnesses and to help individuals; carers also require the integrity and honesty to put their knowledge into practice fairly and justly.
Care workers are governed by the care value base, a system of ethics which promotes equal opportunities and fairness in the treatment of individuals. Carers must not discriminate against people on the grounds of race, gender, age, nationality, sexuality, religion, health status, or any other grounds, and so students of H&SC need to learn about anti-discrimination laws.
Carers also need to be able to help individuals who feel they have been treated unfairly, or who do not have access to care services for some reason.
Social and educational activities
Ideally, care workers need to make care environments not merely tolerable, but enjoyable and fulfilling for the clients; this might involve carrying out social and educational activities with those in care. Students of H&SC will need to learn about how to run games, activities, reading groups, excursions and so on, so that the people receiving care get the most out of it as they possibly can.
Peristalsis is the sequence of involuntary muscle contraction that occurs throughout the digestive track, carries food down the oesophagus to the stomach muscle in about 4-8 seconds. As muscles in front of the bolus of food widen the oesophagus, brain stem, the process makes it possible behind the it tighten the tube to push the food along the gastrointestinal tract. This pushes digested food forward.
(3)enzymes the following organs produces different types of enzymes in the body.
Salivary glands Pancreas Stomach Gall bladder
The salivary is produced by three pairs of salivary glands i.e. the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular. There are also numerous small accessory glands in the mucous membrane lining the mouth and tongue. Saliva which contains a digestive enzyme called amylase is carried by ducts into the mouth. It moistens and softens food, making chewing, tasting and swallowing easier.
Pancreas: is an elongated gland situated behind the stomach that secretes digestive enzymes and hormones that regulate blood glucose levels. It is partly within the curve of the duodenum in responds to the entry of food into the upper digestive tract, the pancreas