Hyperchloremic acidosis
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Hyperchloremic acidosis is a form of metabolic acidosis associated with a normal anion gap, a decrease in plasma bicarbonate concentration, and in an increase in plasma chloride concentration (see anion gap for a fuller explanation).
Causes
- Renal tubular acidosis failure of HCO3- resorption(i.e. proximal renal tubular acidosis) or failure of H+ secretion (ie in distal renal tubular acidosis)
- Renal failure
- Gastrointestinal loss of HCO3- with diarrhea (vomiting will tend to cause hypochloraemic alkalosis).
- Ingestions
- Alcohol (such as ethanol) can effect anion gap by inducing alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme.