Lymphangioma
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Template:Search infobox Lymphangioma, a lymphatic malformation, is a benign proliferation of lymph vessels, and is rare, incidence estimated to be around 1 per 10 000 live births. They are fluid filled sacs that result from blockage of the lymphatic system. They are often associated with karyotype abnormalities such as Turner syndrome.
These tumors may occur anywhere but usually occur in the head and neck (75%), with a predilection for the left side. Most (90%) are either evident at birth or become evident before age 2 years.
Causes
There is no known cause for these vascular abnormalities. Genetic syndromes that are associated with cystic hygroma include Turner syndrome and some trisomies e.g. trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and trisomy 21.
The tumor is a hamartoma or vascular developmental anomaly arising from lymphatic vessels, manifesting as a raised, soft, shaggy, bubbly, pinkish-white lesion; cosmetic considerations may warrant attempted removal of lymphangiomas.