Restless legs syndrome (patient information)
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What is Restless legs syndrome?
Restless legs syndrome is a disorder in which there is an urge or need to move the legs to stop unpleasant sensations.
What are the symptoms of Restless legs syndrome?
RLS leads to sensations in the lower legs that make you uncomfortable unless you move your legs. These sensations:
- Usually occur at night when you lie down, or sometimes during the day when you sit for long periods of time
- May be described as creeping, crawling, aching, pulling, searing, tingling, bubbling, or crawling
- May last for 1 hour or longer
- Sometimes also occur in the upper leg, feet, or arms
You will feel an irresistible urge to walk or move your legs, which almost always relieves the discomfort.
Most patients have rhythmic leg movements during sleep hours, called periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD).
All of these symptoms often disturb sleep. Symptoms can make it difficult to sit during air or car travel, or through classes or meetings.
Note: Symptoms may be worse during stress or emotional upset.
What causes Restless legs syndrome?
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) occurs most often in middle-aged and older adults. Stress makes it worse. The cause is not known in most patients.
RLS may occur more often in patients with:
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Chronic kidney disease
- Parkinson's disease
- Pregnancy
- Iron deficiency
- Use of certain medications
A form of RLS may be passed down in families. This may be a factor when symptoms start at a younger age. The abnormal gene has not yet been identified.
Restless legs syndrome can result in a decreased quality of sleep (insomnia). This lack of sleep can lead to daytime sleepiness, anxiety or depression, and confusion or slowed thought processes.
How do I know I have Restless legs syndrome?
When to seek urgent medical care
Treatment options
Where to find medical care for Restless legs syndrome
Directions to Hospitals Treating Restless legs syndrome