Mitral Stenosis Symptoms
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [3] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
History and Symptoms
These reflect all of the anatomic, hemodynamic and compensatory mechanism at work. LA enlargement can be seen on chest x-ray (double-density of the left heart border, elevated left bronchus) and leads to dysphagia, hoarseness and the propensity for AF and thromboembolism. Impaired LV filling leads to fatigue. Increased LA pressure leads to pulmonary congestion and dyspnea, orthopnea and PND (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea ). Dilated bronchial veins can rupture leading to hemoptysis. PHTN (pulmonary hypertension) leads to RV (right ventricle) dysfunction, peripheral edema, pulsatile hepatomegaly etc.