Bicuspid aortic stenosis anatomy
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editors-In-Chief: Claudia P. Hochberg, M.D. [2]; Abdul-Rahman Arabi, M.D. [3]; Keri Shafer, M.D. [4]
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Anatomy
In 1513, Leonardo da Vinci was the first artist who first sketched the bicuspid aortic valve as cuspal inquelity.
The Bicuspid Aortic Valve has two cusps: one larger than the other. It is considered unobstructive if the edges of the cusps are free. If the edges are fused or no free the aortic valve is considered obstructive developing a dome during systole.
There are five varieties of congenitally abnormal aortic valves based on the number and types of cusps and commisures:
- Unicuspid:
- Acommissural
- Unicommissural
- Bicuspid
- Tricuspid:
- Miniature (small aortic ring)
- Dysplastic
- Cuspal inequality
- Quadricuspid
- Six-cuspid