Atrial septal defect history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [[2]]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [[4]]

Overview

The symptoms seen associated with atrial septal defect may vary with the age group and depends on the size of defect and the shunting of blood across the defect

Pediatrics

Though pediatrics are generally asymptomatic, large enough atrial septal defects may present with:

• Heart failure
• Recurrent respiratory infections
• Failure to thrive

Adults

Adults, especially those over the age of 40, may present with:

• Heart failure
• Fluid retention
• Hepatomegaly
• Elevated jugular venuous pressure
• Atrial arrhythmias
• Exercise intolerance
• Dyspnea
• Fatigue

Less common symptoms

• Left ventricular dysfunction
• Stroke due to paradoxical embolization
• Migraine
• Eisenmenger syndrome
• Cyanosis

Rapidity of symptoms

Atrial septal defect patients are often asymptomatic until later in life. The majority of people with atrial septal defects may not experience any symptoms until after the age of 40. Symptoms may become more rapid in onset as patients get progressively older.