Diabetic foot

Diabetes mellitus Main page
Patient Information Type 1 Type 2
Overview
Classification Diabetes mellitus type 1 Diabetes mellitus type 2 Gestational diabetes
Differential Diagnosis
Complications
Screening
Diagnosis
Prevention

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]

Overview

Inspection

• Dilated veins
• Scar, Sinuses
• Shiny skin
• Hair distribution
• Areas of Pigmentation
• Areas of discolouration
• Varicose vein
• Ulcers
• Brittle or broken nail
• Fungal infection

Palpation

• Temperature (increase temperature- deep vein thrombosis, decrease temperature-ischemia)
• Tenderness (squeeze calf muscle and achilles tendon for tenderness)
• Pulsation- Dorsalis pedis
• Capillary filling time
• Ulcers in pressure areas like ball of great toe, base of fifth metatarsal, posterior aspect of heel

Motor examination

• Nutrition/Bulk
• Tone
• Power
• Reflexes

Sensory

• Vibration
• Joint position sense

Diabetic foot ulcer