Metabolic syndrome medical therapy
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Metabolic syndrome is formed by a constellation of medical disorders that increases one's risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. It effects a large number of people in a clustered fashion. Management of metabolic syndrome involves dietary modifications, exercise and drug therapy for the complications (diabetes, stroke, angina, myocardial infarction) found associated with these conditions.
Treatment
- The first line treatment is change of lifestyle (i.e., caloric restriction and physical activity). However, drug treatment is frequently required.
- Generally, the individual diseases that comprise the metabolic syndrome are treated separately
- Hypertension - Diuretics and ACE inhibitors.
- Cholesterol drugs may be used to lower LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, if they are elevated, and to raise HDL levels if they are low. The goal is to get the LDL down to < 100 mg/dl.
- Use of drugs that decrease insulin resistance e.g., metformin and thiazolidinediones is controversial and not FDA approved.