Guidewire tip

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Characterizing the This Physical Characteristics of a Coronary Guidewire Using the Tip Load

One way of quantifying some of these physical features is by measuring with a strain gauge, the force needed to bend a wire when exerted on a straight guide wire tip, at 1 cm from the tip. Using this method, the tip loads in ascending order are 3gm, 4.5 gm, 6gm, 9 gm and 12 gm (ultra stiff). As stiffness increases the wire becomes prone to perforation

CORE TO TIP GUIDE WIRES

When the core is extended to the tip, that increases pushability, precise steering, tip control and torquability. This can be a useful feature for eg. in probing chronic total occlusions.

With unibody wires there is more torquability, pushability and tactile feel. With two piece tip wires shaping is easy and the wire is likely to retain the shape “wire memory”

SHAPING RIBBON

Softer tip allowing shape retention

SPRING COIL TIP

1. Spring coil - Safer than hydrophilic coated or polymer tip wires - less risk of perforation

2. Distal weld

SPRING COILS

• Outer coils only

• Tip coil only

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TIP COVER

• Polymer or plastic
• Provide lubricity
• Smooth tracking through tortuosity

POLYMER TIP (COVER)

Polymer instead of the spring coil with hydrophilic coating

Improved trackability with the compromise of reduced tactile feedback / feel

Eg: PT Graphix™ Intermediate Guide Wire, ChoICE PT wire

”COMBINATION” TIPS

• Tip coils plus
• Intermediate coils
• Bare core
• Plastic cover
• Polymer
• Polymer over tip coils

FLEXIBILITY OF TIP

There is one or more joints in the wires with tip material some different to core material.

The number of joints and the nature of them influence the clinical performance of the wires. The joints could serve as hinge points and bend during guide wire passage.