Cardiology overview pulmonary hypertension
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Cardiology Overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Causes
- In general, obstructive sleep apnea does not cause sufficiently elevated pulmonary pressures to cause PAH
(In Alphabetical Order)
- High Altitude(chronically)
- Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins
- Atrial Septal Defects
- Bronchiectasis
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Cholesterol ester storage disease
- Chronic hemolytic anemia
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Chronic renal failure on dialysis
- Churg-Strauss syndrome
- Coal workers' pneumoconiosis
- Cor triatriatum
- Cystic fibrosis
- Diastolic dysfunction.
- Diethylpropion
- Fallot tetralogy
- Fetal circulation, persistent
- Fibrosing mediastinitis
- Gaucher disease
- Glycogen storage diseases
- Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
- Idiopathic spinal scoliosis
- Indian familial childhood cirrhosis
- Interstitial Lung Disease
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis
- Mitral valve insufficiency
- Mitral valve stenosis
- Monocrotaline poisoning
- Myeloproliferative disorders
- Neurofibromatosis
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
- Phentermine poisoning
- Pickwickian syndrome
- Portal hypertension
- Polycythemia vera
- Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis
- Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
- Sarcoidosis
- Schistosoma japonicum
- Schistosoma mansoni
- Sickle cell disease
- Splenectomy
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Systolic dysfunction
- Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia
- Vasculitis
- Ventricular septal defect
Diagnosis
- In primary pulmonary hypertension the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure is much higher than the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.
- If the pulmonary hypertension is due to left-sided heart failure, and the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure in the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure will be similar.
- In the cardiac catheterization laboratory, inhaled nitric oxide is administered to determine if the pulmonary vasculature is still reactive or if the obstructionist fixed.
- It is to get dangerous to give nifedipine IV as a test. This could lead to a dangerous episode of hypotension.