Ischemic colitis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Causes
Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause. Non-occlusive ischemia develops because of low blood pressure or constriction of the vessels feeding the colon; occlusive ischemia indicates that a blood clot or other blockage has cut off blood flow to the colon.
Non-occlusive ischemia
In hemodynamic instable patients (i.e. shock) the mesenteric perfusion may be compromised. This condition is commonly asymptomatic, and usually only apparent through a systemic inflammatory response.
Occlusive ischemia
Occlusive is ischemia is due to either:
1. Obstructive Atherosclerotic Disease
2. Thromboembolism:
- Most commonly the embolism is due to atrial fibrillation
- Valvular heart disease
- Myocardial infarction
- Cardiomyopathy