Chronic renal failure physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Chronic renal failure causes disturbances in not only the filtration function of the kidney, but also on normal functioning of virtually every organ in the body.

Signs and symptoms

Symptoms

• General ill feeling and fatigue
• Generalized itching (pruritus) and dry skin
• Headaches
• Weight loss without trying
• Anorexia
• Nausea

Other symptoms may develop, including:

• Abnormally dark or light skin and changes in nails
• Bone pain

Nervous system symptoms:

• Drowsiness and confusion
• Inability to concentrate
• Numbness in the hands, feet, or other areas
• Muscle twitching or cramps
• Breath odor
• Easy bruising, nosebleeds, or blood in the stool
• Excessive thirst
• Frequent hiccups
• Loss of libido and impotence
• Amenorrhea
• Sleep problems, such as insomnia, restless leg syndrome, or obstructive sleep apnea
• Edema of hands and feet
• Vomiting, especially in the morning