Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (patient information)
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Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome |
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Where to find medical care for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome? |
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Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Lambert-Eaton syndrome is a disorder in which faulty communication between nerves and muscles leads to muscle weakness.
What are the symptoms of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome ?
Symptoms may include:
- Weakness or loss of movement that can be more or less severe, including:
- Difficulty chewing
- Difficulty climbing stairs
- Difficulty lifting objects
- Difficulty talking
- Drooping head
- Need to use hands to get up from sitting or lying positions
- Swallowing difficulty, gagging, or choking
- Vision changes such as:
- Blurry vision
- Double vision
- Problems keeping a steady gaze
Symptoms related to the autonomic nervous system usually occur, and include:
- Blood pressure changes
- Dizziness upon standing
- Dry mouth
What causes Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome ?
Lambert-Eaton syndrome occurs when nerves cells do not release enough of a chemical called acetylcholine. This chemical transmits impulses between nerves and muscles.
The result is muscle weakness and other symptoms similar to myasthenia gravis. However, unlike myasthenia gravis, as the muscles continue to contract, acetylcholine can build up in large enough amounts for strength to improve slightly. Instead of the muscle getting quickly weaker as it contracts repeatedly, it gets stronger for a short period of time.
Lambert-Eaton syndrome may occur with cancers such as small cell lung cancer or autoimmune disorders such as vitiligo, which leads to a loss of skin pigment.
Diagnosis
A detailed medical history will be taken to determine risk factors, such as a history of certain cancers.
A physical examination shows:
- Decreased reflexes
- Possible loss of muscle tissue
- Weakness or paralysis that gets slightly better with activity
Tests to help diagnose and confirm the condition may include:
- Electromyography (EMG) to test the health of the muscle fibers
- Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) to test the speed of electrical activity along nerves