Epicardial

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List of terms related to Epicardial

	Epicardial;
	Epicardium; gross ; Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Epicardial is a term used by some cardiac surgeons meaning " on the outside of the cardiac muscle".

Pathological Findings

Epicardial Scarring: Gross, marked thickening of epicardium, sugar-coated appearance cause unknown
Epicardial Scarring: Gross, marked thickening of epicardium, sugar-coated appearance

Epicardial petechiae: Gross, an excellent example of infarct heart with petechiae.
Heart: Soldiers Patch: Gross, natural color, large area of epicardial fibrosis over mid-portion of left ventricle.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation; External surface of the heart showing epicardial petechiae
Cardiac rhabdomyoma: Note the multiple, minute tumors studding the epicardial surface. This pattern of involvement is typical in patients with tuberous sclerosis.

Granular cell tumor: Localized epicardial tumor: Note the cut surface of circumscribed white tumor on the epicardial surface and the underlying right ventricular trabeculations.
Granular cell tumor: Localized epicardial tumor (arrowheads) overlying the left main coronary artery close to its takeoff. Note aorta (AO) posterior to the pulmonary artery (PA).

Bronchogenic cyst: This example was removed from the epicardial surface of a 13-year-old.
Liposarcoma, Heart: Gross specimen demonstrates the posterior wall of the heart studded with multiple epicardial nodules over the right and left ventricles.

Acute myocardial infarction with epicardial fibrin
The heart in Leukemia: Note the biventricular, predominantly subepicardial diffuse infiltrates. The patient was a 45-year-old man with acute myelogenous leukemia who died with disseminated disease.


Epicardial
Epicardium; gross Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology