Glutaminase

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glutaminase
Identifiers
SymbolGLS
Entrez2744
HUGO4331
OMIM138280
RefSeqNM_014905
UniProtO94925
Other data
EC number3.5.1.2
LocusChr. 2 q32-q34
glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial)
Identifiers
SymbolGLS2
Entrez27165
HUGO29570
OMIM606365
RefSeqNM_013267
UniProtQ9UI32
Other data
LocusChr. 12 q13


Overview

Glutaminase is a amidohydrolase enzyme which generates glutamate from glutamine. Glutaminase has tissue-specific isoenzymes.

Glutaminase catalyzes the following reaction:

Glutamine + H2O → Glutamate + NH3

Glutaminase is expressed in periportal hepatocytes, where it generates NH3 (ammonia) for urea synthesis.

Glutaminase is also expressed in the epithelial cells of the renal tubules, where the produced ammonia is excreted as ammonium ions. This excretion of ammonium ions is an important mechanism of renal acid-base regulation. During an acidosis, glutaminase is induced in the kidney, which leads to an increase in the amount of ammonium ions excreted.

External links

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